PREVENTION OF CHILDHOOD INJURIES--PHASE 1 INJURY SURVEILLANCE

作为“NIH/DC降低婴儿死亡率倡议”的一个组成部分a 针对伤害威胁和忽视的研究计划 哥伦比亚特区的婴儿和学步儿童已经发育成熟。这个 研究分为两个阶段。在第一阶段， 建立全市伤害监测系统。这 监测将包括目标年龄组(出生)内的所有伤害 两年来)，这导致了急诊室的就诊， 住院或死亡。此外，市民亦可从 家庭服务署处理经证实的虐待个案及 忽视。 在第一阶段获得的信息将指导具体的设计 有针对性的干预措施，以防止伤害，这将是 在第二阶段实施和评估：随机干预试验 地方社区实体(邻里或区)的建议 基于流行病学的环境干预措施被应用于一个 预防虐待和忽视的基于行为的团体干预措施有 提供给第二组，仅流行病学监测就是 在第三组中进行。作为伤害的重要组成部分 预防，伤害监测系统将继续为所有三个 团体，在整个第二阶段。 本报告的其余部分侧重于第一阶段的监测 活动，因为干预阶段的详细计划取决于 监测的结果，因此尚未形成。

As one component of the "NIH/DC Initiative to Reduce Infant Mortality" a program of research addressing the threat of injuries and neglect to infants and toddlers in the District of Columbia has been developed. The study is divided into two phases. During phase one a comprehensive, city-wide injury surveillance system will be established. This surveillance will include all injuries in the target age group (birth through two years) that result in an emergency room visit, hospitalization or death. Information will also be obtained from the Department of Family Services on substantiated cases of abuse and neglect. The information obtained in phase I will guide the design of specific targeted interventions, for the prevention of injuries, that will be implemented and evaluated in phase II. A randomized intervention trial of local community entities (neighborhoods or wards) is proposed in which epidemiologically-based environmental interventions are applied to one group, behaviorally-based interventions to prevent abuse and neglect are given to a second group, and epidemiologic surveillance alone is conducted in a third group. As an essential component of injury prevention, the injury surveillance system will continue for all three groups, throughout phase II. The remainder of this report focuses on the phase I surveillance activities, as detailed plans for the intervention phase are dependent on the results of the surveillance and thus have not yet been developed.