Characteristics Of Childhood Swimming Pool Drowings, 199

溺水是儿童伤害相关死亡的主要原因。溺水率因年龄、性别和种族而异。5岁以下儿童和15-24岁之间的个人溺水风险最高。男性溺水率高于女性，5岁以后，非洲裔美国男性溺水率高于同龄白人男性。虽然在5-19岁的非洲裔美国男性中，只有约三分之一的溺水发生在游泳池里，但5-9岁的非裔美国男性在游泳池溺水的可能性是同龄白人男性的四倍。同样，在10-19岁之间，非裔美国男性的游泳池溺水率是白人男性的10倍以上。为了更好地了解游泳池溺水率存在种族差异的原因，我们检查了1995-1998年间发生在美国5-24岁青少年中的678例游泳池溺水死亡证明。我们提取了关于种族和民族、出生地、游泳池类型、溺水事件时间和其他影响因素的数据。检查了频率、比例分布和比率，以确定模式的变化

Drowning is a leading cause of injury-related death in childhood. Drowning rates vary with age, gender, and race. Children under 5 and individuals between the ages of 15-24 are at highest risk for drowning. Males drown at a higher rate than females and, after the age of 5, African American males have higher rates of drowning than White males of comparable age. While only about a third of drownings among African American males between the ages of 5-19 years occur in swimming pools, African American males ages 5-9 are four times more likely to drown in swimming pools than white males of comparable age. Similarly, between the ages of 10-19 years, the rates of swimming pool drownings among African American males are over 10 times greater than those of White males. In order to better understand factors underlying the racial disparities in rates of drowning in swimming pools, we examined 678 death certificates for swimming pool drowning cases that occurred between 1995-1998 in the United States among youth ages 5-24. We extracted data on race and ethnicity, nativity, type of swimming pool, time of drowning event and other contributing factors. Frequencies, proportional distributions and rates were examined to identify variations in patterns