MULTISCALE SYSTEMS MODELLING FOR CCS ANALYSIS AND OPTIMISATION

用于 CCS 分析和优化的多尺度系统建模

• 批准号: NE/H013903/1
• 负责人: Jim Watson
• 金额: $ 25.02万
• 依托单位: University of Sussex
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FH013903%2F1
• 关键词: MULTISCALE; SYSTEMS; MODELLING; CCS; ANALYSIS

The UK has challenging GHG reduction targets. It is believed that carbon capture and storage (CCS) will play a critical role in the energy systems of the future, in part to support the decarbonisation objective and in part to provide grid flexibility in a future system including a large fraction of less responsive low carbon energy systems (e.g. nuclear baseload and intermittent wind). The whole systems modelling and analysis programme proposed here is designed to support wider UK initiatives by reducing technological risk and identifying performance bottlenecks. CCS will require substantial capital investment in capture and transport systems and storage complex management. Although elements of the whole chain have been studied through modelling and experimentation, there is little work on whole system assessment. For complex systems such as CCS, whole system assessment is vital ahead of large scale deployment as it identifies critical integration and interaction issues between the components and evaluates whole system performance as a function of component design parameters. Thus the whole system may be optimised; simply optimising the design of individual components is likely to result in a sub-optimal system design. The proposed research methodology is based on multiscale modelling. This involves the development of fit-for-purpose models of the individual components which describe phenomena that operate over different length and time scales and which support integration and data exchange across scales. The reason for this is that relatively localised phenomena (e.g. mass transfer in an amine scrubber) might affect the overall system transient response by limiting the rate at which the power plant flue gas flowrate can be turned up or down. Similarly, the important performance trade-offs in individual component designs must be characterised and used for overall system design. There are a number of important issues to be resolved regarding future CCS systems; the applicants believe that multiscale systems modelling approach is ideal to develop relevant insights and guidance. Examples of the issues to be addressed through whole systems modelling, analysis and optimisation include: - The development and application of a methodology to optimise the time-phased evolution of the whole CCS system design (incorporating its important individual components), including sources to recruit and location of storage sites, balancing long-term and short-term investment imperatives. - Performing integrated assessments of alternative CCS systems, through the application of fit-for-purpose models (e.g. those able to quantify trace emissions of harmful substances) and rigorous life-cycle based analyses. - Characterising the transient performance of the integrated system (how will it perform in actual operation?), understanding whether or not it affects the flexibility of the wider energy system with which it is interfaced, what the safety critical components are and the network's dynamic stability and operability bottlenecks - Understand issues of systems integration - how do the different phenomena associated with the different components in the system cause effects to propagate through the network (e.g. the effect of impurities in captured CO2, the transport network and the storage complex). What are the important considerations that must be taken into consideration when designing and operating the whole system? The outcome of the programme will be relevant to a very wide range of stakeholders interested in CCS, including industry, regulatory and policy agencies and academia. The most important contributions of the project will be: - making available methodologies to design and analyse future CCS systems - generating insights into the most important interactions involved in system design and operation - quantifying (economics, environmental impact, safety & operability) the performance of UK CCS systems

英国制定了具有挑战性的温室气体减排目标。据信，碳捕获和封存(CCS)将在未来的能源系统中发挥关键作用，部分是为了支持脱碳目标，部分是为了在未来的系统中提供电网灵活性，包括大部分响应较慢的低碳能源系统(例如，核能基本负荷和间歇性风能)。这里提出的整个系统建模和分析计划旨在通过降低技术风险和识别性能瓶颈来支持更广泛的英国倡议。CCS将需要在捕获和运输系统以及存储综合管理方面进行大量资本投资。虽然已经通过建模和实验研究了整个系统的要素，但对整个系统的评估工作很少。对于CCS这样的复杂系统，在大规模部署之前，整个系统评估至关重要，因为它识别组件之间的关键集成和交互问题，并根据组件设计参数评估整个系统的性能。因此，整个系统可能会被优化；简单地优化单个部件的设计很可能导致次优的系统设计。提出的研究方法是基于多尺度建模的。这涉及为各个组成部分开发适合用途的模型，这些模型描述在不同长度和时间尺度上运行的现象，并支持跨尺度的整合和数据交换。这是因为相对局部的现象(例如，胺洗涤器中的传质)可能会通过限制发电厂烟气流量的上调或下调速率来影响整个系统的暂态响应。同样，必须对单个组件设计中的重要性能权衡进行表征，并将其用于整体系统设计。关于未来的CCS系统，有许多重要的问题需要解决；申请人认为，多尺度系统建模方法是发展相关见解和指导的理想办法。要通过整个系统建模、分析和优化解决的问题的例子包括：-开发和应用一种方法，以优化整个CCS系统设计的时间分段演变(包括其重要的单独组件)，包括招募来源和存储地点的位置，平衡长期和短期投资需求。-通过应用适合用途的模型(例如，能够量化有害物质微量排放的模型)和严格的基于生命周期的分析，对替代的CCS系统进行综合评估。-描述集成系统的暂态性能(它在实际运行中将如何执行？)，了解它是否影响与其连接的更广泛能源系统的灵活性，哪些是安全关键组件以及网络的动态稳定性和可操作性瓶颈-了解系统集成的问题-与系统中不同组件相关的不同现象如何导致影响通过网络传播(例如，捕获的二氧化碳、传输网络和存储综合体中的杂质的影响)。在设计和运行整个系统时，必须考虑的重要因素是什么？该方案的结果将与对CCS感兴趣的广泛的利益攸关方有关，包括行业、监管和政策机构以及学术界。该项目最重要的贡献将是：-提供可用的方法来设计和分析未来的CCS系统-对系统设计和运行中涉及的最重要的交互作用产生洞察-量化(经济、环境影响、安全和可操作性)英国CCS系统的性能

项目成果

Exploring the potential impact of carbon, capture and storage technologies on the diversity of the UK electricity system to 2050

探索碳、捕获和存储技术对 2050 年英国电力系统多样性的潜在影响

• 发表时间: 2014
• 作者: Sharp Tammy-Ann