FEC Recovery for Co-Chief Scientist duties of Dr Lisa McNeill for IODP Expedition 319

FEC 恢复 IODP 319 号探险队联合首席科学家 Lisa McNeill 博士的职责

• 批准号: NE/H025499/1
• 负责人: Lisa McNeill
• 金额: $ 6.45万
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FH025499%2F1
• 关键词: FEC; Recovery; Co; Chief; Scientist

Subduction zones, where two tectonic plates converge, generate the largest magnitude earthquakes on earth and also commonly generate accompanying tsunami waves. These natural hazards can impact both regions local to the earthquake source and distant communities. The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and earthquake provided a recent dramatic example of the potential impact of these hazards. Our understanding of the earthquake process has significantly advanced in the last few decades with improvements in the technology for recording earthquake waves. But opportunities to directly sample and take measurements within the fault zones which generate these earthquakes are rare and require complex technology. The Nankai subduction zone of Japan has a long record of past earthquakes and tsunami and has been the focus of geological and geophysical studies over the last 2 decades. As a result, it is probably the best understood subduction system in the world. However, the challenge of directly sampling and monitoring the earthquake-generating fault system is yet to be achieved and the process of earthquake initiation and rupture is still relatively poorly understood. The NanTroSEIZE experiment has been launched within the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) specifically to sample, measure and monitor all parts of the subduction zone fault system, including the deeper parts (~ 6-7 km below the seafloor) of the system where the earthquake rupture takes place. The experiment is a long term project staged over a period of years. The project started with drilling into the relatively shallow (<1.5 km) parts of the subduction zone and fault systems. This stage directly sampled sediment and rock materials and took in situ measurements of the properties of the sediments including the shallow fault zones. IODP Expedition 319, the expedition which this proposal relates to, is the first expedition of Stage 2 and is the first to employ 'riser' drilling technology - this technology will be used for the deep drill holes by allowing greater control on conditions and stability of the borehole at depth. A variety of methods will be used to measure sediment, rock and fault properties during Expedition 319 at two sites within different parts of the subduction zone system: Samples of borehole sediments and rocks; Measurements of sediment-rock properties from tools in the borehole; In situ measurements of properties, such as pressure of fluids within the sediments and the magnitude of the strain that the rocks-sediments are under as the two tectonic plates converge; Measurements of rock properties around and below the borehole, including the main fault generating the earthquakes, by using a second ship to send seismic signals to borehole instruments; Installation of sensitive instruments within one of the boreholes to measure temperature and pressure changes within a fault zone over several years; Preparation of the boreholes for future installation of more complicated monitoring instruments, including seismometers which will record earthquakes, strain and tiltmeters which will measure how the rocks and sediments deform, and pressure and temperature to indicate if and when fluids are moving along the fault systems; These measurements will contribute to the overall NanTroSEIZE goals of understanding how earthquake-generating fault systems develop and behave and how they generate earthquakes.

俯冲带是两个构造板块交汇的地方，会产生地球上最大规模的地震，并且通常还会产生伴随的海啸波。这些自然灾害可能会影响震源当地和遥远的社区。 2004 年印度洋海啸和地震为这些灾害的潜在影响提供了一个生动的例子。在过去的几十年里，随着地震波记录技术的进步，我们对地震过程的理解有了显着的进步。但在引发这些地震的断层带内直接采样和测量的机会很少，而且需要复杂的技术。日本南海俯冲带历史悠久，曾发生过地震和海啸，是过去二十年地质和地球物理研究的焦点。因此，它可能是世界上最了解的俯冲系统。然而，直接采样和监测地震发生断层系统的挑战尚未实现，对地震的萌生和破裂过程的了解仍然相对较少。 NanTroSEIZE 实验是在综合海洋钻探计划 (IODP) 内启动的，专门对俯冲带断层系统的所有部分进行采样、测量和监测，包括发生地震破裂的系统的较深部分（距海底约 6-7 公里）。该实验是一个历时数年的长期项目。该项目首先钻探俯冲带和断层系统相对较浅的部分（<1.5 公里）。该阶段直接对沉积物和岩石材料进行取样，并对包括浅断裂带在内的沉积物特性进行现场测量。本提案涉及的 IODP 319 号探险是第 2 阶段的第一次探险，也是第一个采用“立管”钻井技术的探险——该技术将用于深钻孔，可以更好地控制深度钻孔的条件和稳定性。在第 319 次探险期间，将使用多种方法在俯冲带系统不同部分的两个地点测量沉积物、岩石和断层特性： 钻孔沉积物和岩石样本；通过钻孔中的工具测量沉积岩特性；现场测量特性，例如沉积物内的流体压力以及两个构造板块汇聚时岩石-沉积物所承受的应变大小；通过使用第二艘船向钻孔仪器发送地震信号，测量钻孔周围和下方的岩石特性，包括产生地震的主要断层；在其中一个钻孔内安装敏感仪器，以测量断层带内数年来的温度和压力变化；为将来安装更复杂的监测仪器准备钻孔，包括记录地震的地震仪、测量岩石和沉积物变形的应变仪和倾斜仪，以及指示流体是否以及何时沿着断层系统移动的压力和温度；这些测量将有助于 NanTroSEIZE 的总体目标，即了解地震发生断层系统如何发展和表现以及它们如何产生地震。

项目成果

Determination of stress state in deep subsea formation by combination of hydraulic fracturing in situ test and core analysis: A case study in the IODP Expedition 319

• DOI: 10.1002/jgrb.50086
• 发表时间: 2013-03
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
• 作者: Takatoshi Ito;A. Funato;Weiren Lin;M. Doan;D. Boutt;Y. Kano;Hisao Itô;D. Saffer;L. McNeill;T. Byrne;K. Moe

IODP Expedition 319, NanTroSEIZE Stage 2: First IODP Riser Drilling Operations and Observatory Installation Towards Understanding Subduction Zone Seismogenesis

IODP 319 号探险队，NanTroSEIZE 第 2 阶段：首次 IODP 立管钻探作业和观测站安装，以了解俯冲带地震成因

• DOI: 10.2204/iodp.sd.10.01.2010
• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: Scientific Drilling
• 影响因子: 1.2
• 作者: McNeill L

In situ stress and pore pressure in the Kumano Forearc Basin, offshore SW Honshu from downhole measurements during riser drilling

• DOI: 10.1002/ggge.20051
• 发表时间: 2013-05
• 期刊: Geochemistry
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: D. Saffer;P. Flemings;D. Boutt;Mai-Linh Doan;Takatoshi Ito;Lisa C. McNeill;Timothy Byrne;M. Conin;Weiren Lin;Yasuyuki Kano;Eiichiro Araki;N. Eguchi;S. Toczko

Present-day principal horizontal stress orientations in the Kumano forearc basin of the southwest Japan subduction zone determined from IODP NanTroSEIZE drilling Site C0009

• DOI: 10.1029/2010gl043158
• 发表时间: 2010-07-02
• 期刊: GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Lin, Weiren;Doan, Mai-Linh;Kido, Yukari
• 通讯作者: Kido, Yukari

Distribution of stress state in the Nankai subduction zone, southwest Japan and a comparison with Japan Trench

• DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2015.05.008
• 发表时间: 2016-12-05
• 期刊: TECTONOPHYSICS
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Lin, Weiren;Byrne, Timothy B.;Kanamatsu, Toshiya
• 通讯作者: Kanamatsu, Toshiya