The formation of Mega Scale Glacial Lineations: insights into the mechanisms of ice stream flow

巨型冰川线的形成：深入了解冰流流动机制

• 批准号: NE/J004766/1
• 负责人: Matteo Spagnolo
• 金额: $ 9.74万
• 依托单位: University of Aberdeen
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FJ004766%2F1
• 关键词: formation; Mega; Scale; Glacial; Lineations

Ice streams are very fast flowing corridors of ice and represent the main arteries by which ice sheets lose mass to the ocean. Thus, ice stream behaviour is crucial to any models which attempt to predict the effect of global warming on polar ice masses and sea level rise. Three competing hypotheses have been suggested to explain ice stream motion, all centred on the interaction of the ice with its bed.Mega Scale Glacial Lineations (MSGL)are landforms that are formed at the ice-bed interface under ice streams. The mechanism of their formation is not known though some theories have been developed. However, it is clear that the formation of MSGL represents a crucial element in solving the puzzle of enigmatic ice stream dynamics. In other words, by understanding how MSGL form it will be possible to clarify the mechanism of ice stream motion, thus enhancing the predictive capability of models that analyze the effects of climate change on the vulnerable polar ice masses.This project proposes to map and quantitatively analyze the largest (tens of thousands landforms) dataset of MSGL ever created, from onshore and submarine settings from all over the world. The metrics and spatial distribution of these landforms will be studied in great detail with rigorous statistical analyses and state-of-the-art GIS and Remote Sensing techniques. The spatial variability of the morphometric parameters will be compared to that of the topography, geology and palaeo-geography of the palaeo-ice stream beds where MSGL are found in. The project will also characterize at an unprecedented level of details the internal composition of MSGL, with a combination of techniques never deployed before in the study of an individual glacial bedform. The results from the combined (morphometrical and sedimentological) approach will be used to test hypotheses and models of formation of these landforms and shed light on processes at the ice-bed interface. Ultimately, the quantitative results will be directly used to refine and develop numerical models of ice stream flow.Matteo Spagnolo's expertise and experience in GIS and Remote Sensing applied to glacial geomorphology, coupled with his strong interest in extending his skills into glacial sedimentology and ice modelling, are the essential ingredients that guarantee the success of this new investigator project. An array of international renowned experts are project partners and will support the work of the proponent.

冰流是非常快速流动的冰走廊，代表了冰盖向海洋损失质量的主要动脉。因此，冰流的行为是至关重要的任何模式，试图预测全球变暖对极地冰量和海平面上升的影响。冰流运动有三种相互竞争的假说，它们都是围绕冰与冰床的相互作用而提出的。巨型冰川线理（Mega Scale Glacial Lineations，MSGL）是冰流作用下冰床界面上形成的地貌。虽然已经发展了一些理论，但其形成机制尚不清楚。然而，很明显，MSGL的形成是解决神秘冰流动力学难题的关键因素。也就是说，通过了解MSGL的形成过程，可以明确冰流的运动机制，从而提高分析气候变化对脆弱的极地冰体影响的模型的预测能力。本项目拟对迄今为止最大规模的MSGL数据集（数万种地貌）进行测绘和定量分析，这些数据集来自世界各地的陆地和海底。将利用严格的统计分析和最先进的地理信息系统和遥感技术，对这些地貌的尺度和空间分布进行详细研究。将形态参数的空间变异性与MSGL所在的古冰河床的地形、地质和古地理进行比较。该项目还将以前所未有的详细程度描述MSGL的内部组成，并结合以前从未在单个冰川床型研究中部署过的技术。从相结合的（形态和沉积）的方法的结果将被用来测试假设和模型的形成这些地貌和揭示在冰床界面的过程。最终，定量结果将直接用于完善和开发冰流流动的数值模型。Matteo Spagnolo在冰川地貌学应用的GIS和遥感方面的专业知识和经验，加上他对将自己的技能扩展到冰川沉积学和冰建模的强烈兴趣，是保证这个新的研究项目成功的重要因素。一系列国际知名专家是项目合作伙伴，将支持提议者的工作。

项目成果

Progressive ductile shearing during till accretion within the deforming bed of a palaeo-ice stream

古冰流变形床内蒂积积过程中的渐进韧性剪切

• DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.06.009
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Quaternary Science Reviews
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Phillips E

Size, shape and spatial arrangement of mega-scale glacial lineations from a large and diverse dataset

来自大型且多样化的数据集的巨型冰川线的大小、形状和空间排列

• DOI: 10.1002/esp.3532
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Spagnolo M

Diverse landscapes beneath Pine Island Glacier influence ice flow.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01597-y
• 发表时间: 2017-11-20
• 期刊: Nature communications
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Bingham RG;Vaughan DG;King EC;Davies D;Cornford SL;Smith AM;Arthern RJ;Brisbourne AM;De Rydt J;Graham AGC;Spagnolo M;Marsh OJ;Shean DE
• 通讯作者: Shean DE

Subglacial processes on an Antarctic ice stream bed. 2: Can modelled ice dynamics explain the morphology of mega-scale glacial lineations?

南极冰河床上的冰下过程。

• DOI: 10.1017/jog.2016.19
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Journal of Glaciology
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: JAMIESON S

Ice stream motion facilitated by a shallow-deforming and accreting bed.

• DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10723
• 发表时间: 2016-02-22
• 期刊: Nature communications
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Spagnolo M;Phillips E;Piotrowski JA;Rea BR;Clark CD;Stokes CR;Carr SJ;Ely JC;Ribolini A;Wysota W;Szuman I
• 通讯作者: Szuman I