Smash Contrast-Enhanced 3D MR Angiography

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：对比度增强 三维磁共振血管造影（3DMRA）被证明是一种 X射线血管造影术的有用诊断辅助手段。空间分辨率是 目前不如X射线血管造影术，这是一个原因， 为什么磁共振血管造影还没有普遍取代X射线血管造影术。 本申请人最近开发了一种用于增加空间和/或空间分辨率的方法。 时间分辨率而不增加梯度要求。调用该方法 SMASH（空间谐波的同时采集）基于获取 空间信息同时通过传统的相位编码 如通过对来自射频线圈元件的信号进行独立采样 多线圈阵列。这种方法可以加快数据采集 通过与多线圈阵列中的元件的数量一样大的因子进行速率。 申请人建议开发并测试CE-3DMRA的SMASH技术， 两个临床上重要的血管系统：颅外颈动脉和肾动脉 动脉他们打算获得至少四倍，并可能高达一个 数据采集速度加快八倍。加速度将 允许空间或时间分辨率的相应改进。的 这项建议的具体目标是：1。为了开发适用于 颅外颈动脉和肾动脉成像。2.评估SMASH CE-3DMRA使用肾动脉狭窄的Ameroid封堵器猪模型。3.在 患者，使用X线血管造影术作为相关金标准：a） 通过提高CE-3DMRA的空间分辨率，确定SMAS是否 颅外颈动脉，提高测量的准确性， 与传统CE-#DMRA相比，B）为了确定SMASH是否可以 用于减少肾动脉CE-3DMRA的扫描时间， 与传统CE-3DMRA相比，保持相同的图像质量，或 或者，通过提高肾脏的空间分辨率， 动脉CE-3DMRA，与 常规CE-3DMRA。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): Contrast-enhanced three-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography (3DMRA) is proving to be a useful diagnostic adjunct to x-ray angiography. However, spatial resolution is currently inferior to that afforded by x-ray angiography, which is one reason why MRA has not generally replaced x-ray angiography. The applicants have recently developed a method for increasing spatial and/or temporal resolution without increasing gradient demands. The method is called SMASH (SiMultaneous Acquisition of Spatial harmonics) and is based on obtaining spatial information simultaneously through traditional phase encoding as well as by independent sampling of signals from the radiofrequency coil elements in a multicoil array. The methodology permits an acceleration in data acquisition rate by a factor as large as the number of elements in the multicoil array. The applicants propose to develop and test the SMASH technique for CE-3DMRA in two clinically vital vascular systems: the extracranial carotid and renal arteries. They intend to obtain at least a four-fold, and potentially up to an eight-fold acceleration of the data acquisition rate. The acceleration will allow corresponding improvements in spatial or temporal resolution. The specific aims of this proposal are: 1. To develop multicoil arrays suitable for imaging of the extracranial carotid and renal arteries. 2. To evaluate SMASH CE-3DMRA using an ameroid-occluder pig model of renal artery stenosis. 3. In patients, using x-ray angiography as the correlative gold standard: a) To determine if SMAS, by improving spatial resolution of CE-3DMRA of the extracranial carotid arteries, enhances the accuracy of measurements of stenoses compared with conventional CE-#DMRA. B) To determine if SMASH can be used to reduce the scan time for CE-3DMRA of the renal arteries, while maintaining equal image quality compared with conventional CE-3DMRA, or alternatively, to see of SMASH, by improving the spatial resolution of renal artery CE-3DMRA, enhance the accuracy of measurements of stenoses compared with conventional CE-3DMRA.