The role of natural and artificial pools in northern peatland carbon cycling

天然和人工池在北部泥炭地碳循环中的作用

• 批准号: NE/J007609/1
• 负责人: Joseph Holden
• 金额: $ 64.35万
• 依托单位: University of Leeds
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FJ007609%2F1
• 关键词: role; natural; artificial; pools; northern

Since the end of the last ice age large amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide have been slowly locked up in peat soils in the cool, wet, northern regions of the world as partially decomposed plant remains. If this huge reservoir of carbon was to be released back in to the atmosphere it would cause a significant rise in carbon dioxide and release methane and result in further global warming. At the moment scientists are trying to unravel the mechanisms that control the losses and gains of carbon from this large area of the Earth's surface.Peatlands often have natural pools of water within them. However, we know little about what role these pools play in the peatland carbon cycle. Furthermore, many new pools are being created in peatlands by humans as they try to restore degraded peatlands. This is because many degraded peatlands have previously been drained using ditches. These ditches are now being blocked up with small dams thereby creating tens of thousands of new pools along the length of the blocked ditches.Our project seeks to examine the role of natural and artificial pools in the peatland carbon cycle. It will measure flows of water and carbon into and out of pools in order to understand whether the pools play an important role in processing the carbon.Additionally it is known that many peatlands contain connected cavities within them known as soil pipes. These are not artificial pipes, but just natural connected holes within the peat. Some peatland pools which are connected to pipes may therefore be connected to large carbon sources from some distance away, but no-one has ever studied this before. In summary, this project will investigate the role of pools in carbon cycling within northern peatlands. It will seek to understand processes operating in and around pools and the role of natural pipes in mediating these processes. It will focus on two pool types: natural pools and pools that have been created through peatland restoration by damming of drainage ditches. For both pool types we will examine those that are connected to pipes and those that are unconnected to pipes.This work is fundamental to our understanding of the role of peatlands in the global carbon cycle. Without this research we will be unable to properly predict carbon fluxes from peatlands under climate change scenarios because we will not understand what drives carbon cycling in peatland pools. The work is urgent: without it we will be unable to explain how the large number of pools currently being created by practitioners via drain blocking is affecting carbon cycling within, and carbon release from, peatlands. The results from this project are also vital to informing the future management and restoration of peatlands in order to optimise their potential to mitigate global warming.

自从上一个冰河时代结束以来，大气中大量的二氧化碳以部分分解的植物残骸的形式被缓慢地锁定在世界上凉爽、潮湿的北方地区的泥炭土壤中。如果这个巨大的碳库被释放回大气层，它将导致二氧化碳的显着上升，并释放甲烷，导致进一步的全球变暖。目前，科学家们正试图解开控制地球表面这一大片地区碳的损失和增加的机制。泥炭地通常有天然的水池。然而，我们对这些池在泥炭地碳循环中发挥的作用知之甚少。此外，人类在试图恢复退化的泥炭地时，在泥炭地中创造了许多新的池。这是因为许多退化的泥炭地以前都是用沟渠排干的。这些沟渠现在正被小水坝堵塞，从而沿着堵塞的沟渠沿着形成成千上万个新的池塘。我们的项目旨在研究天然和人工池塘在泥炭地碳循环中的作用。它将测量流入和流出池的水和碳的流量，以了解池是否在处理碳中起重要作用。此外，众所周知，许多泥炭地内部都有被称为土壤管道的连通空腔。这些不是人工管道，而是泥炭中自然连接的孔。因此，一些与管道相连的泥炭地池可能与远处的大型碳源相连，但以前没有人研究过这一点。总而言之，本计画将探讨碳库在北方泥炭地碳循环中的角色。它将试图了解在池内和周围运行的过程，以及天然管道在调解这些过程中的作用。它将侧重于两种类型的游泳池：天然游泳池和通过排水沟筑坝恢复泥炭地而形成的游泳池。对于这两种类型的池，我们将检查那些连接到管道和那些不连接到管道。这项工作是我们的泥炭地在全球碳循环中的作用的理解的基础。如果没有这项研究，我们将无法正确预测气候变化情景下泥炭地的碳通量，因为我们将无法理解是什么驱动泥炭地池中的碳循环。工作是紧迫的：没有它，我们将无法解释目前由从业者通过堵塞排水沟而形成的大量池塘是如何影响泥炭地内的碳循环以及泥炭地的碳释放的。该项目的结果对于为泥炭地的未来管理和恢复提供信息也至关重要，以优化其缓解全球变暖的潜力。

项目成果

Peatland pools are tightly coupled to the contemporary carbon cycle.

• DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16999
• 发表时间: 2023-11
• 期刊: Global Change Biology
• 影响因子: 11.6
• 作者: J. Dean;M. Billett;T. E. Turner;M. Garnett;Roxane Andersen;Rebecca M McKenzie;K. Dinsmore;A. J. Baird;P. Chapman;Joseph Holden

Questioning ten common assumptions about peatlands

• DOI: 10.19189/map.2016.omb.253
• 发表时间: 2017-01-01
• 期刊: MIRES AND PEAT
• 影响因子: 1.2
• 作者: Bacon, K. L.;Baird, A. J.;Young, D. M.
• 通讯作者: Young, D. M.

Carbon concentrations and transformations in peatland pools

泥炭地池中的碳浓度和转化

• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Chapman PJ

Biogeochemical Distinctiveness of Peatland Ponds, Thermokarst Waterbodies, and Lakes

泥炭地池塘、热岩溶水体和湖泊的生物地球化学特征

• DOI: 10.1029/2021gl097492
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Arsenault J

Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity in Northern Peats Inferred From Other Measurements

• DOI: 10.1029/2022wr033181
• 发表时间: 2022-11-01
• 期刊: WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: Morris, P. J.;Davies, M. L.;Wilkinson, S. L.
• 通讯作者: Wilkinson, S. L.