Shelf sources of iron to the ocean

海洋中的陆架铁来源

• 批准号: NE/K001779/1
• 负责人: Simon Ussher
• 金额: $ 38.38万
• 依托单位: Plymouth University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FK001779%2F1
• 关键词: Shelf; sources; iron; ocean

Phytoplankton (microscopic algae) lie at the base of the marine food chain, so their presence is essential for sustaining higher organisms such as fish. They also take up as much atmospheric carbon dioxide as land plants and in doing so, help regulate the global climate. Iron is among the most important nutrients required by phytoplankton to grow and is used in vital biological functions, including photosynthesis (conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen). Iron is abundant on land and in surrounding shallow coastal waters, known as 'shelf regions'. In contrast, iron is present at very low concentrations (less than 1 iron atom to every billion water molecules) in the deep open ocean, far from land. This means that the growth of phytoplankton can be restricted due to the lack of iron. Iron is lost as it is transported from the coast to the open ocean because of its chemistry - it is very insoluble in seawater. However, a small amount of iron from coastal regions does reach the open ocean and this iron makes up a large portion of the new iron supplied to the phytoplankton growing there. Studies of marine iron chemistry require us to determine how much iron there is, what chemical forms iron is in (e.g. dissolved forms or particles) and the changes that occur between these various forms. The amounts of these different forms change depending on the time of year, the location of the water, the number of particles and the organic molecules in seawater. Sampling and measurement of iron at very low concentrations in seawater is challenging and the applicants are among the few research groups in the world who are able to do this reliably.In this project we address the question of how currents, tides, weather and marine iron chemistry allow new iron to be transported away from the shallow shelf waters around the UK, to the nearby open ocean. The project will ultimately allow us to address the broader question of how the amount and chemical form of iron in coastal waters and shelf sediments can influence phytoplankton growth in the open ocean. Furthermore, the impact of human activity and climate change on the transport of iron from the UK shelf region is poorly understood. This is important because changing ocean productivity by changing iron supply to the open ocean will also alter the amount of carbon dioxide taken up by phytoplankton.

浮游植物（微量藻类）位于海洋食物链的底部，因此它们的存在对于维持较高的生物（如鱼类）至关重要。他们还占据了二氧化碳与土地植物一样多的大气碳，并有助于调节全球气候。铁是浮游植物生长所需的最重要的营养素之一，并用于重要的生物学功能，包括光合作用（将二氧化碳和水转化为葡萄糖和氧气）。铁在陆地和周围浅水区（称为“货架区域”）中丰富。相比之下，铁在远离陆地的深海中以非常低的浓度（小于1的铁原子）存在。这意味着由于缺乏铁，可以限制浮游植物的生长。由于它的化学反应，铁被运输到开阔的海洋时丢失了 - 它非常不溶于海水。但是，沿海地区的少量铁确实到达了敞开的海洋，而这种铁构成了在那里生长的浮游植物的新铁的很大一部分。海洋铁化学的研究要求我们确定其中有多少铁，铁中有哪些化学形式（例如溶解的形式或颗粒）以及这些各种形式之间发生的变化。这些不同形式的量根据一年中的时间，水的位置，颗粒数量和海水中的有机分子而变化。在海水中，铁在非常低的浓度下对铁的采样和测量具有挑战性，申请人是世界上少数能够可靠地做到这一点的研究小组之一。在这个项目中，我们解决了一个问题，即如何将新铁的水流，潮汐，天气和海铁化学允许新铁如何从英国附近的开放式海洋中运输出来。该项目最终将使我们能够解决更广泛的问题，即沿海水域和货架沉积物中铁的​​数量和化学形式如何影响开阔的浮游植物的生长。此外，对人类活动和气候变化的影响对从英国货架地区运输的影响很少。这很重要，因为通过将铁供应更改为开阔的海洋来改变海洋生产率，还将改变浮游植物吸收的二氧化碳的数量。

项目成果

Organic ligands - A key control on trace metal biogeochemistry in the oceans

有机配体 - 海洋中痕量金属生物地球化学的关键控制

• DOI: 10.1016/j.marchem.2015.03.017
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Marine Chemistry
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Lohan M

Physical and biogeochemical controls on seasonal iron, manganese, and cobalt distributions in Northeast Atlantic shelf seas

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2023.03.023
• 发表时间: 2023-03
• 期刊: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Xue‐Gang Chen;Dagmara Rusiecka;M. Gledhill;A. Milne;A. Annett;Aaron Joseph Beck;A. Birchill;M. Lohan;S. Ussher;E. Achterberg

A Comparison between Four Analytical Methods for the Measurement of Fe(II) at Nanomolar Concentrations in Coastal Seawater

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00192
• 发表时间: 2017-01-01
• 期刊: FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Hopwood, Mark J.;Birchill, Antony J.;Milne, Angela
• 通讯作者: Milne, Angela

Anthropogenic Signatures of Lead in the Northeast Atlantic

东北大西洋铅的人为特征

• DOI: 10.1002/2017gl076825
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Rusiecka D

Ocean circulation and biological processes drive seasonal variations of dissolved Al, Cd, Ni, Cu, and Zn on the Northeast Atlantic continental margin

海洋环流和生物过程驱动东北大西洋大陆边缘溶解的铝、镉、镍、铜和锌的季节变化

• DOI: 10.1016/j.marchem.2023.104246
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Marine Chemistry
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Chen, Xue-Gang;Rusiecka, Dagmara;Gledhill, Martha;Milne, Angela;Annett, Amber L.;Birchill, Antony J.;Lohan, Maeve C.;Ussher, Simon;Woodward, E. Malcolm;Achterberg, Eric P.
• 通讯作者: Achterberg, Eric P.