BIOREMEDIATION OF PCB CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS IN THE ST LAWRENCE RIVER

圣劳伦斯河 PCB 污染沉积物的生物修复

• 批准号: 6106215
• 负责人: G-YULL RHEE
• 金额: $ 23.08万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT ALBANY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-04-01 至 2002-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6106215
• 关键词: aerobiosis; anaerobiosis; biotransformation; chemical structure function; chlorination; detoxification; environmental contamination; environmental toxicology; halobiphenyl /halotriphenyl compound; industrial waste; microorganism metabolism; soil microbiology; soil pollution; toxicant interaction; waste disposal; water environment; water microbiology; water pollution

The goal of this proposal is, based largely on our previous studies, to develop techniques to degrade sediment PCBs by enhancing anaerobic dechlorination and combining it with aerobic biodegradation using indigenous microbial populations, and to determine the fate and ecological impact of sediment PCBs in the St. Lawrence River near the Massena Superfund site. Specifically, we will determine: (1) factors enhancing in situ dechlorination in highly contaminated sediments; through a comparative study of the General motors (GM) and Reynolds sites, we will determine (a) whether these differences are due to differences in microbial competence or sediment composition, (b) what determines the end point of in situ dechlorination at each site, (c) how to accelerate in situ biotransformation, and (d) the extent of detoxification by dechlorination with the assays of MCF-7 human breast cancer cell growth and catecholamines in rat brain slices. Experiments will be carried out in laboratory incubation studies with native sediments. (2) The threshold concentration in areas below the point source of contamination which may set the residual PCB level after dechlorination. We will also determine the dechlorination potential using single congener assays, microbial biomass and community characteristics with the phospholipid fatty acid and 16S rRNA hybridization techniques. (3) How to maintain and enhance dechlorinating activities in dredged sediments. Dredging and encapsulation are commonly used to remediate contaminated sites and the most heavily contaminated sediments at the GM site will also be dredged soon. Our studies of dredged Hudson River sediments showed that dechlorination ceased at an early stage after encapsulation and the sediments no longer harbored dechlorinating organisms. Using a simulated disposal facility in the laboratory, we will determine the time course of change in dechlorination activity and microbial biomass and also how dechlorination activity is affected by various conditions including the moisture content and organic matter. (4) how to degrade dechlorination products with indigenous aerobic microorganisms. Aerobic PCB-degrading bacteria will be isolation from the surface layers of the same sediments used in the dechlorination studies using the biphenyl-enrichment technique. The isolates will then be determined for their effectiveness to degrade the dechlorination products accumulated in sediments from experiments in Specific Aims 1 and 3. The degradation characteristics and optimum conditions for degradation will also be determined. We will also determine whether aerobic degradation can be induced in these sediments without inoculating isolates.

这一建议的目标是，在很大程度上基于我们以前的研究， 开发技术，通过增强厌氧降解沉积物多氯联苯 脱氯，并结合好氧生物降解， 土著微生物种群，并确定命运和生态 马塞纳附近圣劳伦斯河沉积物中多氯联苯的影响 超级基金网站 具体来说，我们将确定：（1）因素增强， 高污染沉积物中的原位脱氯;通过比较 研究通用汽车公司（GM）和雷诺兹网站，我们将确定（a） 这些差异是否是由于微生物能力的差异， 沉积物组成，（B）是什么决定了原位的终点 （c）如何就地加速 生物转化，以及（d）脱氯解毒的程度 用MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞生长和儿茶酚胺测定 在大鼠脑切片中。 实验将在实验室进行 用天然沉积物进行孵化研究。 (2)阈值浓度 在污染点源以下的区域， 脱氯后的多氯联苯水平。 我们还将确定脱氯 利用单一同系物分析、微生物生物量和群落 磷脂脂肪酸和16 S rRNA杂交特征 技术. (3)如何保持和加强在环境中的脱氯活动 疏浚的沉积物 疏浚和封装通常用于 修复受污染场地和污染最严重的沉积物， 此外，政府亦会在短期内进行挖泥工程。 我们对哈德逊河疏浚的研究 沉积物表明，脱氯停止在早期阶段后， 封装和沉积物不再窝藏脱氯 有机体 使用实验室中的模拟处理设施，我们将 确定脱氯活性变化的时间进程， 微生物生物量以及脱氯活性如何受到 包括水分含量和有机物的各种条件。 （四） 原生好氧生物降解脱氯产物 微生物的 将从实验室分离出多氯联苯好氧降解菌， 脱氯研究中使用的相同沉积物的表层 使用联苯富集技术。 分离物将被 确定了它们降解脱氯产物的有效性 具体目标1和3的实验产生的沉积物中的累积量。 的 降解特性和最佳降解条件将 也要坚决。 我们还将确定有氧降解是否可以 在这些沉积物中诱导而不产生细菌分离物。