UNUSUAL POST SPECIES EVOLUTION OF MHC CLASS I LOCI IN NEW WORLD PRIMATES

目的确定新发现的MHC I类基因座的性质 世界灵长类动物。结果人类专业的同源物 组织相容性复合体(MHC)的HLA-A、-B、-E、-F和-G基因座是 存在于所有卡特拉犀牛(东半球灵长类、猿类和人类)中， 它们的一些等位基因谱系在几种物种形成后存活了下来。 事件。来自7个不同属的26个MHC-I类基因的分析 新大陆灵长类动物的研究表明，Callitrichinae(Tamarins和Tamarins) 绒猴)是这些MHC稳定性规则的例外。In基因 灵长类MHC I类基因树，来自Callitrichinae的序列 以一种特定于属的方式聚集，而在 新大陆灵长类动物，就像卡特拉犀牛一样，它们聚集在一起 跨类属的方式。关于豆科植物特定属的聚类性的讨论 Callitrichinae cDNAs表明MHC之间没有同源关系 这一系统类群的属中的I类基因座。此外， Callitrichinae属的MHC I类的变异性有限 基因，与所有其他基因表现出的高度变异性形成对比 灵长类动物。因此，每个Callitrichinae属都表达自己的一组 MHC I类基因，这表明异常高的 在这个亚家族中，基因座发生了翻转。有限的可变性 Callitrichinae中的MHC I类基因可能是 这些基因座的近期来源。这些数据的未来方向将是 促进对新世界的免疫遗传学的理解 灵长类动物。这些物种中有几个是 人类疾病(即溃疡性结肠炎和多发性硬化症)。钥匙 Words MHC，1D IEF，PBL Funding NIH RR00167，DK44886出版物 Cadavid，LF，Shufflebotham，C，Ruiz，FJ，Yeager，M，Hughes，AL和 华特金斯警探。1998年。MHC类的不同寻常的后物种进化 我在新大陆灵长类动物中定位。程序娜塔莉。阿卡德。科学学院，美国 94：14536-14541。

OBJECTIVE To determine the nature of the MHC class I loci in New World Primates. RESULTS Homologues of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) HLA-A, -B, -E, -F, and -G loci are present in all the Catarrhini (Old World primates, apes, and humans), and some of their allelic lineages have survived several speciation events. Analysis of 26 MHC class I cDNAs from seven different genera of New World primates revealed that the Callitrichinae (tamarins and marmosets) are an exception to these rules of MHC stability. In gene trees of primate MHC class I genes, sequences from the Callitrichinae cluster in a genus-specific fashion, whereas in the other genera of New World primates, as in the Catarrhini, they cluster in a transgeneric way. DISCUSSION The genus-specific clustering of the Callitrichinae cDNAs indicates that there is no orthology between MHC class I loci in genera of this phyletic group. Additionally, the Callitrichinae genera exhibit limited variability of their MHC class I genes, in contrast to the high variability displayed by all other primates. Each Callitrichinae genus, therefore, expresses its own set of MHC class I genes, suggesting that an unusually high rate of turnover of loci occurs in this subfamily. The limited variability of MHC class I genes in the Callitrichinae is likely the result of the recent origin of these loci. FUTURE DIRECTIONS These data will facilitate an understanding of the immunogenetics of New World Primates. Several of these species are important animal models for human diseases (i.e. ulcerative colitis and multiple sclerosis). KEY WORDS MHC, 1D IEF, PBL FUNDING NIH RR00167, DK44886 PUBLICATIONS Cadavid, LF, Shufflebotham, C, Ruiz, FJ, Yeager, M, Hughes, AL, and D.I. Watkins. 1998. Unusual post-species evolution of the MHC class I loci in New World primates. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA 94:14536-14541.