VOCAL ONTOGENY OF CHUCK CALL IN SQUIRREL MONKEYS I PRODUCTION

学习对声乐发展的意义 在松鼠猴身上产生，那么这将代表一个 灵长类声音发育与人类的重要相似之处 语音发育并可能提供第一个非人类灵长类 研究人类儿童语言发展的模型。目标 这项研究的主要目的是确定 在非人类灵长类动物中获得发声技能的学习。 具体目的是记录声乐制作的发展 松鼠猴子的查克叫声。卡盘叫来了松鼠 猴子在婴儿和成人的听觉上是不同的，而且是 主要由成年女性在亲密关系期间产生 互动，在声学方面表现出强烈的个性 结构。这些特征表明，学习可能会起到 在这个发声亚系统的成熟过程中起着重要的作用。结果 数据分析目前正在进行中。超过150个小时的演唱 记录和400小时的焦点行为数据已经被收集。 结果表明，幼年/幼年松鼠猴子表现出社会性 特别偏爱没有血缘关系的成年雌性。社会偏好 是通过婴儿/青少年花费在 与不同的成年雌性亲近、接触和社交， 以及活动的数量和方向，如 方法、社会探索和游戏、检索和竞争 互动。这些数据表明，存在足够的变异。 在婴儿之间评估他们的社交喜好 对Chuck Call发展的影响。Chuck已经打了3000多个电话了 已被数字化以进行定量声学分析。初步 比较表明，Chuck叫声的一些声学特征是 婴儿从不相关的亲密社会伙伴那里学到的。未来 方向先进的生物声学技术和DNA的结合 将使用指纹方法来确定声学 从那些更与生俱来的参数中学习的参数 在松鼠猴的发音中有先天倾向。关键词有声 学习，语言发展，语言进化，生物声学 分析NIH NRSA奖学金1-F32-HD07946

Significance If learning contributes to the development of vocal production in the squirrel monkey, then this will represent an important parallel between primate vocal development and human phonological development and may provide the first nonhuman primate model for studying language development in human children. Objectives The primary objective of this research is to determine the importance of learning in the acquisition of vocal skills in non-human primates. The specific aims are to document the development of vocal production of chuck calls in squirrel monkeys. The chuck call in squirrel monkeys is acoustically different in infants and adults, and is produced primarily by adult females during close affiliative interactions, which shows a strong degree of individuality in acoustic structure. Such characteristics suggest that learning may play an important role in the maturation of this vocal subsystem. Results Data analysis is currently in progress. Over 150 hours of vocal recordings and 400 hours of focal behavioral data have been collected. Results suggest that infant/juvenile squirrel monkeys show social preferences for particular unrelated adult females. Social preference was measured by the amount of time infants/juveniles spent in proximity, contact, and social huddling with different adult females, as well as in the amount and direction of activities such as approaches, social exploration and play, retrievals, and agonistic interactions. These data suggest that sufficient variation exist between infants in their social preferences to evaluate social influences on chuck call development. Over 3000 chuck calls already have been digitized for quantitative acoustic analysis. Preliminary comparison suggests that some acoustic features of chuck calls are learned by infants from unrelated close social associates. Future Directions A combination of advanced bioacoustic techniques and DNA fingerprinting methods will be used to determine the acoustic parameters that are learned from those that are more innately predisposed in squirrel monkey vocalizations. KEY WORDS vocal learning, language development, evolution of language, bioacoustic analysis FUNDING NIH NRSA Fellowship 1-F32-HD07946