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The Terra-correlator: A computing facility for massive real-time data assimilation in environmental science

Terra-correlator：环境科学中用于大规模实时数据同化的计算设施

基本信息

批准号：
NE/L012979/1
负责人：
Ian Main
金额：
$ 37.93万
依托单位：
University of Edinburgh
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FL012979%2F1
关键词：
Terra correlator computing facility massive

项目摘要

1. Seismic interferometry: Seismologists have traditionally explored the Earth by measuring, analysing and modelling signals generated naturally by earthquakes, or deliberately by man-made sources. Since 2003, several authors derived new methods based on cross-correlation of seismograms that allowed similar information to be obtained in the absence of impulsive events - from the Earth's ambient fluctuations, previously regarded as noise. Current global data sets can be used to produce Earth impulse responses of ~20kB size every two hours, or up to 2TB of output data per day, the bulk of this providing completely new information. This will be done on node 1. The output will then be data-mined continuously and in parallel to extract near-real time information about subsurface changes for forecasting purposes. This requires additional near-real time correlations in time-lapse mode, pattern matching, and other methods of analysis and modelling to be applied on a separate node (node 2), tied to a portal that will ensure such analysis and any forecasts of future behaviour or events (say a volcanic eruption following a seismic velocity change) is verifiably done in advance of the real event time, removing at a stroke perennial problems with retrospective selection bias when analysing forecast quality based on past data.2. Earth system science: (a) A recurring challenge is to analyse direct Earth observation, satellite and model data with data- and compute-intensive processing for uncertainty analyses and parameter-space exploration. The new facility will be used to produce estimates of carbon stocks and fluxes with confidence intervals over the period 2000-2013. Ultimately our UK runs at 1 km2 may be used to generate near-real time analyses of GHG emissions that are likely to be useful for policy makers. The information content of planned EO missions, such as ESA's BIOMASS mission, will also be explored in observing system simulation experiments. ( b) Many of our typical current analyses of the performance of climate models in comparison with the outcome are constrained by reading in data multiple times, due to lack of memory. We will analyse NOAA data to find extreme events at much higher resolution than before of 25km globally, to research the mechanisms and characteristic signatures of extreme precipitation events. 3. High-resolution real time monitoring of deformation and fluid flow in porous rocks: X-ray C-T (computer-tomography) imaging is computationally intensive in a range of applications, but a very large amount of post-processing is required by the operator to tune the resulting image, notably to separate pore space from the solid phase. Time-lapse measurements open up the possibility of tracking fluid flow in fractures or pores, or observing deformation at unprecedented resolution by tracking (cross-correlating) particle movements. Accordingly the infrastructure overhead used in the first two applications will be used to make such analysis possible in a 'live' experiment, in support of on-going experimental and modelling work in rock physics, initially focussed on carbonates.

1.地震干涉测量法：地震学家传统上通过测量、分析和模拟地震自然产生的信号或人为源故意产生的信号来探索地球。自2003年以来，几位作者根据地震图的互相关推导出了新的方法，这种方法允许在没有脉冲事件的情况下从地球环境波动中获得类似的信息，而地球环境波动以前被认为是噪音。目前的全球数据集可用于每两小时产生约20 kB大小的地球脉冲响应，或每天高达2 TB的输出数据，其中大部分提供全新的信息。这将在节点1上完成。然后将对输出进行连续和并行的数据挖掘，以提取关于地下变化的近实时信息，用于预测目的。这需要在延时模式、模式匹配和其他分析和建模方法中进行额外的近实时相关性，并将其应用于单独的节点（节点2），该节点与门户相连，以确保对未来行为或事件进行此类分析和任何预测（例如地震速度变化后的火山喷发）是在真实的事件时间之前可验证地完成的，在分析基于过去数据的预测质量时，一举消除了长期存在的回顾性选择偏差问题。地球系统科学：（a）一个经常性的挑战是分析直接的地球观测、卫星和模型数据，并进行数据和计算机密集型处理，以进行不确定性分析和参数空间探索。新设施将用于估算2000-2013年期间的碳储存和通量及其置信区间。最终，我们的英国运行在1平方公里，可用于产生温室气体排放的近实时分析，这可能是有用的政策制定者。还将在观测系统模拟实验中探讨计划的地球观测任务，如欧空局的生物质量使命的信息内容。（B）由于缺乏记忆，我们目前对气候模式的性能与结果进行比较的许多典型分析都受到多次阅读数据的限制。我们将分析NOAA数据，在全球范围内以比以前更高的分辨率（25公里）发现极端事件，研究极端降水事件的机制和特征。3.多孔岩石中变形和流体流动的高分辨率真实的实时监测：X射线C-T（计算机断层扫描）成像在一系列应用中是计算密集型的，但是操作员需要非常大量的后处理来调整所得图像，特别是将孔隙空间与固相分离。延时测量开辟了跟踪裂缝或孔隙中流体流动的可能性，或者通过跟踪（互相关）颗粒运动以前所未有的分辨率观察变形。因此，前两个应用程序中使用的基础设施开销将用于在“现场”实验中进行这种分析，以支持岩石物理学中正在进行的实验和建模工作，最初集中在碳酸盐。