Time-dependent deformation: bridging the strain rate gap in brittle rocks.
随时间变化的变形:弥合脆性岩石中的应变率差距。
基本信息
- 批准号:NE/G019061/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 5.44万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2009
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2009 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Earthquake rupture and volcanic eruptions are the most spectacular manifestations of dynamic failure of critically-stressed crust. However, these are actually rather rare, discrete events in both space and time. Most of the crust spends most of its time in a highly-stressed but sub-critical state. Furthermore, water is ubiquitous in the crust. It is well-known that water-rock chemical reactions can lead to time-dependent deformation enabling rocks to fail over extended periods of time at stresses far below their short-term failure strength; a phenomenon known as 'sub-critical crack growth'. Quantifying sub-critical crack growth is crucial to unravelling the complexities of the evolution and dynamics of the brittle crust. The presence of cracks allows the crust to store and transport fluids, and even modest changes in crack size, density or linkage can produce major changes in fluid transport properties. Time-dependent rock deformation therefore has both a scientific and a socio-economic impact since it controls the duration and detectability of any precursory phase of important geohazards such as earthquake rupture and volcanic eruptions. Such deformation mechanisms cause compaction and cracking, both of which affect porosity and permeability. The results may therefore also be of relevance in the effective recovery of hydrocarbon and geothermal energy resources, and the integrity of long-term storage facilities for hazardous waste. Our current lack of understanding in this area has recently been highlighted by UNESCO, and 'Understanding Slow Deformation before Dynamic Failure' is one of the two priority areas for study within the Natural Hazards theme of its International Year of Planet Earth. We are therefore seeking funds for an integrated laboratory experiment, deep-sea observatory and quantitative analysis study of time-dependent brittle rock deformation, involving the Rock & Ice Physics Laboratory (RIPL) in the Department of Earth Sciences at University College London (UCL), the School of Geo-Science at Edinburgh University (EdU) and the Italian National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV). The aim of the project is to discriminate between competing models of time-dependent rock deformation. That is currently not possible given the range of strain rates achievable in conventional laboratory experiments. Our main objective is therefore to use the deep-sea environment to bridge the strain rate gap between laboratory and crustal strain rates. The project will build on previous collaborative work between the groups, and take advantage of recent developments in experimental methodology (RIPL) and theoretical analysis (EdU), and preliminary results achieved during a deep-sea observatory pilot study funded by NERC, where infrastructural support was provided by INGV. The pilot study was originally proposed as a feasibility study for the current proposal, and achieved positive results. We now have a timely opportunity to build on this earlier collaboration and take advantage of access to a unique, new, multi-million Euro deep-sea observatory facility established by INGV on the bed of the Ionian Sea off the east coast of Sicily.
地震破裂和火山爆发是临界应力地壳动力破坏最壮观的表现。然而,这些实际上是相当罕见的,在空间和时间上都是离散事件。大部分地壳大部分时间处于高应力但亚临界状态。此外,水在地壳中无处不在。众所周知,水-岩石化学反应可导致随时间变化的变形,使岩石在远低于其短期破坏强度的应力下长时间破坏;这种现象称为“亚临界裂纹扩展”。量化亚临界裂纹生长对于解开脆性地壳演化和动力学的复杂性至关重要。裂缝的存在使地壳能够储存和输送流体,即使裂缝大小、密度或连接的微小变化也会导致流体输送特性的重大变化。因此,随时间变化的岩石变形既具有科学影响,也具有社会经济影响,因为它控制着地震破裂和火山爆发等重要地质灾害的任何可观测阶段的持续时间和可探测性。这种变形机制导致压实和开裂,这两者都影响孔隙度和渗透率。因此,研究结果也可能与碳氢化合物和地热能资源的有效回收以及危险废物长期储存设施的完整性有关。联合国教科文组织最近强调了我们目前在这一领域缺乏了解的问题,而“了解动态破坏前的缓慢变形”是其国际行星地球年自然灾害主题中的两个优先研究领域之一。因此,我们正在寻求资金,对随时间变化的脆性岩石变形进行综合实验室实验、深海观测和定量分析研究,参与者包括伦敦大学学院地球科学系岩石和冰物理实验室、爱丁堡大学地球科学学院和意大利国家地球物理和火山学研究所。该项目的目的是区分与时间相关的岩石变形的竞争模型。鉴于传统实验室实验中可实现的应变率范围,目前这是不可能的。因此,我们的主要目标是利用深海环境来弥合实验室和地壳应变率之间的应变率差距。该项目将建立在小组之间以前的合作工作的基础上,并利用实验方法(RIPL)和理论分析(EdU)的最新发展,以及由NERC资助的深海观测台试点研究期间取得的初步成果,其中基础设施支持由INGV提供。试点研究最初是作为本提案的可行性研究提出的,并取得了积极成果。我们现在有一个及时的机会,在这一早期合作的基础上再接再厉,利用INGV在西西里东海岸附近的爱奥尼亚海海床上建立的独特的、新的、价值数百万欧元的深海观测设施。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(5)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Time-dependent brittle creep in Darley Dale sandstone
- DOI:10.1029/2008jb006212
- 发表时间:2009-07-11
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.9
- 作者:Heap, M. J.;Baud, P.;Main, I. G.
- 通讯作者:Main, I. G.
dispel4py: An Agile Framework for Data-Intensive eScience
dispel4py:数据密集型电子科学的敏捷框架
- DOI:10.1109/escience.2015.40
- 发表时间:2015
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Filgueira R
- 通讯作者:Filgueira R
Brittle creep in basalt and its application to time-dependent volcano deformation
- DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.04.035
- 发表时间:2011-07-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.3
- 作者:Heap, M. J.;Baud, P.;Main, I. G.
- 通讯作者:Main, I. G.
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Ian Main其他文献
A hand on the aftershock trigger
一只手放在余震触发器上
- DOI:
10.1038/441704a - 发表时间:
2006-06-07 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:48.500
- 作者:
Ian Main - 通讯作者:
Ian Main
Long‐range, critical‐point dynamics in oil field flow rate data
油田流量数据的远程临界点动态
- DOI:
10.1029/2006gl027357 - 发表时间:
2006 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.2
- 作者:
Ian Main;Ling Li;K. Heffer;O. Papasouliotis;T. Leonard - 通讯作者:
T. Leonard
On the origin of power-law rheology during the evolution of damage
损伤演化过程中幂律流变学的起源
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2010 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Yusuke Kawada;Mark Naylor;Sarah Touati;Ian Main - 通讯作者:
Ian Main
Statistical Modeling of the 1997–1998 Colfiorito Earthquake Sequence: Locating a Stationary Solution within Parameter Uncertainty
1997-1998 Colfiorito 地震序列的统计建模:在参数不确定性内定位稳态解
- DOI:
10.1785/0120130270 - 发表时间:
2014 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3
- 作者:
S. Touati;M. Naylor;Ian Main - 通讯作者:
Ian Main
Ian Main的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Ian Main', 18)}}的其他基金
Catastrophic Failure: what controls precursory damage localisation in rocks?
灾难性破坏:什么控制着岩石中的先兆损伤定位?
- 批准号:
NE/R001693/1 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 5.44万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Probability and Uncertainty in Risk Estimation and Communication
风险评估和沟通中的概率和不确定性
- 批准号:
NE/N012356/1 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 5.44万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Hydrocarbon reservoir analytics using high-frequency pressure data
使用高频压力数据进行碳氢化合物储层分析
- 批准号:
NE/L008386/1 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 5.44万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
The Terra-correlator: A computing facility for massive real-time data assimilation in environmental science
Terra-correlator:环境科学中用于大规模实时数据同化的计算设施
- 批准号:
NE/L012979/1 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 5.44万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Active reservoir management for improved hydrocarbon recovery
积极的油藏管理可提高碳氢化合物采收率
- 批准号:
NE/J006483/1 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 5.44万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Probability, Uncertainty and Risk in the Natural Environment
自然环境中的概率、不确定性和风险
- 批准号:
NE/J016438/1 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 5.44万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Localizing signatures of catastrophic failure (LOCAT)
本地化灾难性故障的特征 (LOCAT)
- 批准号:
EP/I018492/1 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 5.44万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Active reservoir management for improved hydrocarbon recovery
积极的油藏管理可提高碳氢化合物采收率
- 批准号:
NE/I029846/1 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 5.44万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Hazard forecasting in real time: from controlled laboratory tests to volcanoes and earthquakes
实时灾害预测:从受控实验室测试到火山和地震
- 批准号:
NE/H02297X/1 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 5.44万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
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