NEURAL SYSTEMS--RETRIEVAL OF CONCRETE ENTITIES/ACTION WORDS IN BRAIN DAMAGED PTS

神经系统——脑损伤患者中具体实体/动作词的检索

• 批准号: 6201731
• 负责人: HANNA C. DAMASIO
• 金额: $ 16.11万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-01 至 2000-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6201731
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; brain injury; brain interhemispheric activity; brain mapping; cerebral dominance; clinical research; communication disorders; concept; frontal lobe /cortex; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; image processing; intelligence tests; language; neural information processing; neural plasticity; neuroanatomy; neuropsychology; positron emission tomography; psycholinguistics; temporal lobe /cortex disorder; visual stimulus

Patients with word retrieval defects for entities from varied conceptual categories or for actions, are still capable of retrieving many lexical items. The question thus arises as to which neural structures permit this "residual" word retrieval, a question that is important both to further our understanding of the neural basis of language processing, and to elucidate mechanisms of brain plasticity in the recovery from brain injury. In this project we will test the following three alternative hypotheses: (1) that residual word retrieval depends on the activation of regions in the right hemisphere, homologous to the ones activated in the left hemisphere in normal English speaking subjects; (2) that the residual capacity correlates with activation in the immediate anatomical surround of the damaged area; or (3) that the residual word retrieval depends on both activation of the right hemisphere homologues and the surround of the damaged area. We will study 40 brain damaged subjects in four PET experiments, involving the retrieval of words denoting concrete entities, as well as words denoting actions. Evidence from this project will be of great value to understand the process of recovery from brain injury in patients with English aphasia, as well as those with ASL aphasia, and to design effective rehabilitation strategies.

对不同概念实体的单词检索缺陷患者 类别或动作，仍然能够检索许多词汇 项目. 因此，问题是，哪些神经结构允许这样做 “残留”词检索，一个重要的问题，既要进一步 我们对语言处理的神经基础的理解， 阐明脑可塑性在脑损伤后恢复中的机制 损伤 在这个项目中，我们将测试以下三个替代方案 假设：（1）剩余词提取依赖于激活 右半球的区域，与大脑中激活的区域同源。 左半球的正常英语口语的主题;（2），剩余的 容量与直接解剖学环境中的激活相关 （3）剩余词检索依赖于 右半球同源物的激活和 受损区域。我们将在四个PET中研究40名脑损伤受试者 实验，涉及检索表示具体实体的单词， 以及表示动作的词语。 该项目的证据将是 对了解脑损伤的恢复过程有很大的价值， 英语失语症患者，以及ASL失语症患者， 制定有效的康复策略。