International Network for QBO Research (QBOnet)

国际 QBO 研究网络 (QBOnet)

• 批准号: NE/M005828/1
• 负责人: Lesley Gray
• 金额: $ 4.83万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FM005828%2F1
• 关键词: International; Network; QBO; Research; QBOnet

The atmosphere changes on time scales from seconds (or less) through to years. An example of the former are leaves swirling about the ground within a dust-devil, while an example of the latter is the quasibiennial oscillation (QBO) which occurs over the equator high up in the stratosphere. The QBO is seen as a slow meander of winds: from easterly to westerly to easterly over a time scale of about 2.5 years. This 'oscillation' is quite regular and so therefore is predictable out from months through to years. These winds have also been linked with weather events in the high latitude stratosphere during winter, and also with weather regimes in the North Atlantic and Europe. It is this combination of potential predictability and the association with weather which can affect people, businesses and ultimately economies which makes knowing more about these stratospheric winds desirable.However, it has been difficult to get this phenomenon reproduced in global climate models. We know that to get these winds in models one needs a good deal of (vertical) resolution. Perhaps better than 600-800m vertical resolution is needed. In most GCMs with a QBO this is the case, but why? We also know that there needs to be waves sloshing about, either ones that can be 'seen' in the models, or wave effects which are inferred by parameterisations. Get the right mix of waves and you can get a QBO. Get the wrong mix and you don't. Again we do not know entirely why. Furthermore, we also know convection bubbling up over the tropics and the slow migration of air upwards and out to the poles also has a big impact of resolving the QBO. All of these factors need to be constrained in some way to get a QBO. The trouble is that these factors are invariably different in different climate models. It is for this reason that getting a regular QBO in a climate model is so hard.This project is interested in exploring the sensitivity of the QBO to changes in resolution, diffusion and physics processes in lots of climate models and in reanalyses (models used with observations). To achieve this, we are seeking to bring together all the main modelling centres around the world and all the main researchers interested in the QBO to explore more robust ways of modelling this phenomena and looking for commonalities and differences in reanalyses. We hope that by doing this, we may get more modelling centres interested and thereby improve the number of models which can reproduce the QBO. We also hope that we can get a better understanding of those impacts seen in the North-Atlantic and around Europe and these may affect our seasonal predictions. The primary objective of QBOnet is to facilitate major advances in our understanding and modelling of the QBO by galvanizing international collaboration amongst researchers that are actively working on the QBO. Secondary objectives include:(1) Establish the methods and experiments required to most efficiently compare dominant processes involved in maintaining the QBO in different models and how they are modified by resolution, numerical representation and physics parameterisation.(2) Facilitate (1) by way of targeted visits by the PI and researchers with project partners and through a 3-4 day Workshop(3) Setup and promote a shared computing resource for both the QBOi and S-RIP QBO projects on the JASMIN facility

大气层在时间尺度上的变化从几秒钟(或更少)到几年。前者的一个例子是尘暴中围绕地面旋转的树叶，而后者的一个例子是发生在赤道上空平流层高处的准两年振荡(QBO)。QBO被视为缓慢的风向：在大约2.5年的时间尺度上，从东风到西风再到东风。这种‘振荡’是很有规律的，因此从几个月到几年都是可以预测的。这些风还与冬季高纬度平流层的天气事件以及北大西洋和欧洲的天气状况有关。正是这种潜在的可预测性和与天气的关联可能会影响到人们、企业和最终的经济，这使得人们希望更多地了解这些平流层风。然而，在全球气候模型中再现这种现象一直是困难的。我们知道，要在模型中获得这些风，需要很好的(垂直)分辨率。或许需要高于600-800米的垂直分辨率。在大多数持有QBO的GCM中，情况就是这样，但为什么呢？我们还知道，需要有波动，或者是可以在模型中看到的波动，或者是通过参数化推断的波浪效应。得到正确的混合波，你就可以获得QBO。弄错了组合，你就不会了。同样，我们也不完全知道原因。此外，我们还知道，热带上空的对流以及空气向上和向两极缓慢的迁移也对解决QBO有很大的影响。所有这些因素都需要以某种方式加以约束，才能获得QBO。问题是，这些因素在不同的气候模型中总是不同的。正因为如此，在气候模式中获得常规的QBO是非常困难的。这个项目感兴趣的是探索QBO对许多气候模式和再分析(用于观测的模式)中分辨率、扩散和物理过程变化的敏感性。为了实现这一目标，我们正在寻求将世界各地的所有主要建模中心和对QBO感兴趣的所有主要研究人员聚集在一起，探索对这一现象进行建模的更可靠的方法，并在重新分析中寻找共性和差异。我们希望通过这样做，可以让更多的建模中心感兴趣，从而增加可以复制QBO的模型的数量。我们还希望我们能够更好地了解北大西洋和欧洲周围的影响，这些影响可能会影响我们的季节性预测。QBOnet的主要目标是通过促进积极研究QBO的研究人员之间的国际合作，促进我们对QBO的理解和建模方面的重大进展。次要目标包括：(1)建立所需的方法和实验，以便最有效地比较在不同模型中维持QBO所涉及的主要过程，以及它们如何通过分辨率、数值表示和物理参数进行修改。(2)通过PI和研究人员与项目伙伴的定向访问以及通过3-4天的研讨会，促进(3)在Jasmin设施上为QBOI和S-RIP QBO项目建立和促进共享计算资源

项目成果

Encyclopedia of atmospheric sciences

• DOI: 10.1007/bf02987594
• 发表时间: 2002
• 期刊: Environmental Science and Pollution Research
• 影响因子: 5.8
• 作者: J. Holton;J. Curry;J. Pyle

Overview of experiment design and comparison of models participating in phase 1 of the SPARC Quasi-Biennial Oscillation initiative (QBOi)

参与 SPARC 准两年振荡计划 (QBOi) 第一阶段的模型的实验设计和比较概述

• DOI: 10.5194/gmd-2017-187
• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Butchart N

The SPARC Quasi-Biennial Oscillation initiative

SPARC 准两年期振荡计划

• DOI: 10.1002/qj.3820
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
• 影响因子: 8.9
• 作者: Anstey J

Interaction of gravity waves with the QBO: A satellite perspective

• DOI: 10.1002/2013jd020731
• 发表时间: 2014-03-16
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Ern, M.;Ploeger, F.;Riese, M.
• 通讯作者: Riese, M.

Evaluation of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in global climate models for the SPARC QBO-initiative

• DOI: 10.1002/qj.3765
• 发表时间: 2020-03-14
• 期刊: QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
• 影响因子: 8.9
• 作者: Bushell, A. C.;Anstey, J. A.;Yukimoto, S.
• 通讯作者: Yukimoto, S.