THE ASSOCIATION OF DIET AND OTHER FACTORS WITH GASTRIC CANCER

尽管美国的胃癌发病率有所下降，但 仍然是世界上癌症死亡的第二大原因。小才是 已知其致病因素，部分原因是大多数 研究通常只关注一两个潜在的风险因素。 这项为期5年的基于人群的病例对照研究的主要目标 是为了检验幽门螺杆菌感染的假设，一种低血清 胃蛋白酶原I/II比值，高盐或亚硝酸盐摄入量，低摄入量 特定的水果和蔬菜和胃癌家族史， 单独或结合使用，确定此事件的高危对象 疾病。 预计将与436名病例和436名对照人员进行面谈 在研究期间采集血样。符合条件的个案将 在9家最大的医院确诊，并经组织学证实 他们的诊断。一个基于人口的控制将是频率匹配的 按性别、年龄(5年内)和种族(高加索人、 中文、菲律宾、夏威夷语/部分夏威夷语或日语。 一份包含约250项食物的全面饮食调查问卷将 对每个研究参与者进行管理。它将估计通常情况下 特定食物的膳食摄入量以及硝酸盐的摄入量； 亚硝酸盐、亚硝胺、钠、维生素C、α-生育酚和β-生育酚- 胡萝卜素。除了饮食数据，调查问卷还将包括 以下：癌症家族史，包括胃癌；既往 胃或十二指肠溃疡、胃息肉和胃部疾病病史 手术；吸烟史；维生素补充剂的使用。 每个病例的幻灯片都将由组织学病理学家审查 分型(肠型或弥漫型)。将进行以下测试 血样：幽门螺杆菌抗体检测，幽门螺杆菌 细胞毒素抗体测定、胃蛋白酶原I和II水平及ABO血 打字。 数据分析将包括对剂量反应的评估。 亚硝酸盐摄入量的关系，无论是单独的还是组合的， 盐摄入量、维生素C摄入量、水果和蔬菜比摄入量、H. 胃癌幽门螺杆菌抗体水平。无条件物流 将进行回归分析以估计赔率比。 这项调查将有助于我们了解 饮食因素、幽门螺杆菌感染和家族史在慢性胃炎病因中的作用 胃癌。这些发现应该会为以下方面提供有用的信息 这种疾病的主要预防措施。

Although the incidence of gastric cancer has declined in the U.S., it is still the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. Little is known about its causative factors, partly due to the fact that most studies have usually focused on just one or two potential risk factors. The primary objective of this 5-year population-based, case-control study is to test the hypothesis that Helicobacter pylori infection, a low serum pepsinogen I/II ratio, a high salt or nitrite intake, a low intake of specific fruits and vegetables and a family history of gastric cancer, separately or in combination, identifies a subject at high risk for this disease. A total of 436 cases and 436 controls are expected to be interviewed with collection of a blood sample during the study period. Eligible cases will be diagnosed at the 9 largest hospitals with histological confirmation of their diagnosis. One population-based control will be frequency-matched to each case by sex, age (within 5 years) and ethnicity (Caucasian, Chinese, Filipino, Hawaiian/part-Hawaiian or Japanese. A comprehensive dietary questionnaire with about 250 food items will be administered to each study participant. It will estimate the usual dietary intake of specific food items as well as the intake of nitrate, nitrite, nitrosamines, sodium, vitamin C, alpha-tocopherol, and beta- carotene. In addition to the dietary data, the questionnaire will include the following: family history of cancer, including gastric cancer; past medical history of gastric or duodenal ulcer, gastric polyps and gastric surgery; cigarette smoking history; use of vitamin supplements. The slides of each case will be reviewed by a pathologist for histological typing (intestinal or diffuse type). The following tests will be done with the blood sample: Helicobacter pylori IgG antibody assay, H. pylori cytotoxin antibody assay, pepsinogen I and II levels, and ABO blood typing. Analysis of data will consist of an assessment of the dose-response relationships, either separately or in combination, of nitrite intake, salt intake, vitamin C intake, specific fruit and vegetable intake, H. pylori antibody levels to gastric cancer. Unconditional logistic regression analyses will be done to estimate the odds ratios. This investigation will contribute to our understanding of the role of dietary factors, H. pylori infection and family history in the etiology of gastric cancer. The findings should provide useful information towards the primary prevention of this disease.