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Mechanisms for Atmospheric chemistry: GeneratioN, Interpretation and FidelitY - MAGNIFY

大气化学机制：生成、解释和保真度 - 放大

基本信息

批准号：
NE/M013448/1
负责人：
Andrew Rickard
金额：
$ 86.19万
依托单位：
University of York
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FM013448%2F1
关键词：
Mechanisms Atmospheric chemistry GeneratioN Interpretation

项目摘要

The chemistry of the troposphere underlies a range of environmental issues, which have substantial societal and economic impacts. Whether it is a changing climate, a reduction in air quality affecting human health or the degradation of ecosystems due to air pollution the details of the chemistry determines the severity of the impact. Numerical models of atmospheric chemistry are essential to our ability to understand, predict and hence mitigate these problems. The description of the chemistry occurring within these models is known as the 'mechanism'. Different models use different levels of chemical complexity in deriving these mechanisms, depending on their individual foci. However, there is an overarching need for a 'gold standard' or benchmark mechanism, which contains as full a representation of our fundamental 'state of science' understanding of atmospheric chemistry as is possible. For the last decade this benchmark mechanism, both in the UK and internationally, has been the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM).The MCM provides a highly comprehensive representation of atmospheric volatile organic compound (VOC) degradation chemistry, which is extensively used by the atmospheric science community in a wide variety of science and policy applications where chemical detail is required. The MCM is an internationally recognised resource, with registered users worldwide, and thus represents a highly regarded flagship facility for atmospheric science in the UK. Much of its success stems from the availability of the MCM database on the web, along with the provision of a range of tools to facilitate its use.However, both the MCM itself and its supporting infrastructure are now becoming dated. It is clear that the enormous task of bringing the entire mechanism fully up to date, and maintaining it in that condition, is becoming increasingly difficult within the resources and methods that are currently available. It is recognised, therefore, that sustainable development of the MCM as a whole requires a fundamental revision in the methods applied to its maintenance to ensure that updates/changes can be carried out thoroughly and efficiently, and which can be more readily sustained through changes of personnel in the future. Without such changes, it is probable that the MCM will stagnate, gradually fall from use and eventually become obsolete, and hence no longer a highly regarded flagship facility for atmospheric science in the UK. The MAGNIFY project puts in place a comprehensive strategic work plan (including a number of important scientific deliverables) in order to make the MCM more sustainable, updating its construction rules and opening it up more to community, building upon its success and maintaining it as the "gold standard" benchmark mechanism for atmospheric chemistry.This proposal will:1) build a fully updated and revised mechanism development protocol, for the generation of a new version of the MCM (v4.0) 2) put in place a range of quality assurance methods to ensure high quality updates and changes into the future3) develop an international community tasked with supporting the continual development of the MCM mechanism and framework.4) investigate automated methods for mechanism generation that will reduce workload and error, ensuring responsive, efficient generation of mechanisms into the future5) further develop and enhance the successful open access web platform used by the MCM for access, archiving and interrogation not only of the MCM and its successors, but also a range of mechanisms used by a range of NERC / MO / DEFRA supported activities and for a range of models world wide6) provide a comprehensive evaluation methodology of all mechanisms stored in the system against the updated benchmark MCM and its successors with an emphasis on assessing those models currently being used for policy (air quality and climate) related work within the UK.

对流层的化学成分构成了一系列环境问题的基础，这些问题对社会和经济产生了重大影响。无论是气候变化、影响人类健康的空气质量下降，还是由于空气污染导致的生态系统退化，化学细节都决定了影响的严重程度。大气化学的数值模式对于我们理解、预测和缓解这些问题的能力至关重要。在这些模型中发生的化学反应的描述被称为“机制”。不同的模型在推导这些机制时使用不同水平的化学复杂性，这取决于它们各自的焦点。然而，有一个“黄金标准”或基准机制，其中包含尽可能充分代表我们的基本“科学状态”的理解大气化学的总体需求。在过去的十年中，这一基准机制，在英国和国际上，一直是主化学机制（MCM）MCM提供了一个高度全面的代表性的大气挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的降解化学，这是广泛使用的大气科学界在各种各样的科学和政策的应用，需要化学细节。MCM是国际公认的资源，注册用户遍布全球，因此代表了英国高度重视的大气科学旗舰设施。它的成功很大程度上归功于网络上的多媒体模块数据库的可用性，以及沿着提供的一系列便利其使用的工具，然而，多媒体模块本身及其支持基础设施现在都已过时。显然，在现有的资源和方法范围内，使整个机制充分跟上时代并保持其现状的艰巨任务正变得越来越困难。因此，我们认识到，整个MCM的可持续发展需要对其维护方法进行根本性修改，以确保能够彻底有效地进行更新/更改，并且可以通过未来人员的变化更容易地维持。如果没有这些变化，MCM很可能会停滞不前，逐渐停止使用，最终变得过时，因此不再是英国大气科学的一个备受推崇的旗舰设施。MAGNIFY项目制定了全面的战略工作计划（包括一些重要的科学成果），以使该机制更具可持续性，更新其建设规则，并向社会更多地开放，在其成功的基础上再接再厉，并保持其作为大气化学“黄金标准”基准机制的地位。1）建立一个全面更新和修订的机制发展议定书，用于生成新版本的MCM（v4.0）2）制定一系列质量保证方法，以确保未来的高质量更新和更改3）发展一个国际社会，负责支持MCM机制和框架的持续发展。4）研究机制生成的自动化方法，以减少工作量和错误，确保响应迅速，5）进一步发展和加强MCM用于访问的成功的开放式访问网络平台，不仅是对MCM及其后继者的存档和询问，还包括NERC / MO / DEFRA支持的一系列活动和全球范围内的一系列模型所使用的一系列机制6）针对更新的基准MCM及其后继者，提供系统中存储的所有机制的综合评估方法，并强调评估目前用于英国政策（空气质量和气候）相关工作的模型。