PERIPHERAL AND CENTRAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO VESTIBULAR REFLEX BEHAVIOR

外周和中枢对前庭反射行为的影响

• 批准号: 6238091
• 负责人: JOHN Harold ANDERSON
• 金额: $ 16.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-07-01 至 1999-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6238091
• 关键词: balance; brain mapping; cerebellum; ear disorder diagnosis; electromyography; environmental adaptation; head movements; human subject; labyrinth disorder; magnetic resonance imaging; neural information processing; sensorimotor system; torticollis; vestibular apparatus; vestibuloocular reflex

The broad objective is to better understand the roles played by vestibular and other sensory inputs in controlling gaze, head posture and overall balance. This includes (a) characterizing the interaction among sensory input signals and their transformation by the central nervous system, (b) identifying the structural components and pathways of the CNS which are involved, and (c) defining the adaptive (or mal-adaptive) strategies used by normal subjects in an altered gravity environment and by subjects with a peripheral vestibular deficit or CNS pathology. The specific aims are to (1) describe the influence of gravity and changes in support surface compliance on balance and head posture in normal human subjects, in those with a bilateral peripheral vestibular deficit, and in those with spasmodic torticollis, (2) map the brainstem and cerebellum during visual (optokinetic) stimulation using magnetic resonance imaging, and (3) develop a distributed parallel neural network for the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in 3-dimensions which incorporates spatial and temporal characteristics of single neurons and a physiological mechanism for adaptation.

广泛的目标是更好地了解前庭神经元在神经系统中的作用。 和其他感官输入控制凝视，头部姿势和整体 平衡这包括（a）表征感官之间的相互作用 输入信号及其通过中枢神经系统的转换，（B） 确定CNS的结构成分和途径， （c）界定所采用的适应性（或不适应性）战略 正常受试者在改变的重力环境和受试者 外周前庭缺陷或中枢神经系统病变。具体目标是 (1)描述重力的影响和支撑面的变化 在正常人类受试者中， 双侧外周前庭功能障碍， 痉挛性斜颈，（2）在视觉期间映射脑干和小脑 使用磁共振成像的（视动）刺激，以及（3） 开发了一个分布式并行神经网络的前庭眼 反射（VOR）在三维空间，其中包括空间和时间 单个神经元的特征和生理机制， 适应。