CENTRAL MECHANISMS CONTROLLING GAZE AND HEAD POSTURE

控制视线和头部姿势的中央机制

• 批准号: 3396981
• 负责人: JOHN Harold ANDERSON
• 金额: $ 11.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1980
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1980-07-01 至 1986-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3396981
• 关键词: brain stem; central nervous system; eye movements; head movements; histology; labyrinth disorder; mathematical model; neural information processing; oculomotor nuclei; otocyst /otolith; posture; proprioception /kinesthesia; reflex; single cell analysis; spinal reflex; vestibular apparatus

The long-term goal of this proposed research is to identify the roles which different sensory inputs play and the operations performed by central neural structures in mediating some of the reflex behaviors which contribute to the control of vertical gaze and head posture. In particular, the research is directed toward the following objectives: (a) to characterize the interaction among vestibular, visual and neck proprioceptive inputs vis a vis the motor outputs, (b) to define the specific operations performed by the cerebellum and brain stem structures in mediating the reflex behaviors, and (c) to understand the pathophysiology underlying disorders of gaze and postural equilibrium and to identify adaptive strategies used by the central nervous system in compensating for vestibular deficits. The more specific aims of this proposal deal with the vertical semicircular canal and otolith interactions which are mediated by the interstitial nucleus of Cajal and other structures. Behaviorial observations and quantitative analyses of input-output relations will serve to define the dynamic characteristics of reflex responses. Single unit recordings in alert animals will indicate what information is transmitted over certain neural pathways and suggest the functions performed by specific neural structures. Mathematical modelling will provide a conceptual framework for identifying those essential features of the vertical vestibular and oculomotor systems which are invariant to the frame of reference used. Mathematical functions and geometrical representations will define these features. The experimental results of this work may well suggest protocols that could be used clinically to (1) test vertical canal and otolith organ function, (2) measure vestibulo-spinal reflexes, and (3) aid in differentiating between central and peripheral deficits in patients complaining of vertigo and dysequilibrium.

这项研究的长期目标是确定哪些角色 不同的感觉输入发挥作用以及中枢执行的操作 调节某些反射行为的神经结构 有助于控制垂直凝视和头部姿势。 在 具体而言，该研究旨在实现以下目标：(a) 表征前庭、视觉和颈部之间的相互作用 本体感受输入与运动输出的关系，(b) 定义 小脑和脑干结构执行的具体操作 调解反射行为，以及（c）了解 凝视和姿势平衡障碍的病理生理学 识别中枢神经系统使用的适应性策略 补偿前庭缺陷。 该提案的更具体目标涉及垂直半圆形 由间质介导的耳管和耳石相互作用 卡哈尔核和其他结构。 行为观察和 投入产出关系的定量分析将有助于定义 反射反应的动态特征。 单个单元录音 警觉的动物会指出通过某些特定的方式传输哪些信息 神经通路并提出特定神经执行的功能 结构。 数学建模将为以下方面提供一个概念框架： 识别垂直前庭的基本特征和 动眼神经系统对于所使用的参考系是不变的。 数学函数和几何表示将定义这些 特征。 这项工作的实验结果很可能表明可以 临床上用于（1）测试垂直管和耳石器官功能， (2) 测量前庭脊髓反射，以及 (3) 帮助区分 主诉眩晕的患者的中枢和外周缺陷之间的关系 和不平衡。