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Sources and Emissions of Air Pollutants in Beijing (AIRPOLL-Beijing)

北京空气污染物来源与排放（AIRPOLL-Beijing）

基本信息

批准号：
NE/N007190/1
负责人：
Roy Harrison
金额：
$ 200.03万
依托单位：
University of Birmingham
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FN007190%2F1
关键词：
Sources Emissions Air Pollutants Beijing

项目摘要

Beijing suffers from very high concentrations of airborne pollutants, leading to adverse health and wellbeing for over twenty million people. The pollutants likely to have the greatest effects upon human health are particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide and ozone. Both particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide are emitted directly from individual sources (primary contributions, many of which are not well quantified); and are formed in the atmosphere (secondary contributions, which are highly complex). Ozone is entirely secondary in nature, formed from reactions of precursor gases, whose sources and abundance are also challenging to constrain. These uncertainties hinder understanding of the causes of air pollution in Beijing, which is needed to deliver effective and efficient strategies for pollution reduction and health improvement. AIRPOLL-Beijing project will address this challenge, through identification and quantification of the sources and emissions of air pollutants in Beijing. The project sits within the NERC/MRC-NSFC China megacity programme, which includes projects addressing the atmospheric processes affecting air pollutants, human exposure and health effects, and solutions / mitigation strategies to reduce air pollution and health impacts. The project exploits the combined experience and expertise of leading UK and Chinese scientists, applying multiple complementary approaches. The project deploys multiple atmospheric measurement and analysis strategies to characterise pollutant abundance and sources, develop novel emissions inventories, and integrate these to produce new modelling tools for use in policy development. We adopt a range of state-of-the-science approaches:-Receptor Modelling, where detailed composition measurements are used to infer pollutant sources from their chemical signatures, combining world-leading UK and Chinese capability.-Flux Measurements, where the total release of pollutants from all sources is measured, providing a key metric to refine emission inventories. We will combine near-ground measurements (using the unique Institute of Atmospheric Physics 325m tower in central Beijing), ground-based observations and fluxes derived from satellite observations.-3D spatial analysis, in which a novel sensor network will be deployed around central Beijing to measure pollutant fields.-Development of novel emissions inventories, which will predict the temporally- and spatially- resolved emissions of air pollutants from all sources, enhancing existing capability.-Development of new online modelling tools, within which to integrate emissions, atmospheric processing and meteorology to predict primary and secondary pollutant concentration fields.AIRPOLL-Beijing will integrate these approaches to provide thorough understanding of the sources and emissions of air pollutants in Beijing, at unprecedented detail and accuracy. While the project is a self-contained activity, key deliverables feed into Processes, Health and Solutions themes of the programme.This proposal seeks Newton fund support, part of the UK's Official Development Assistance (ODA) commitment. The project will directly address ODA objectives, in the categories of (i) people (through the joint development of novel scientific approaches to the understanding of megacity air pollution), (ii) programmes (as all aspects of the project are joint UK-Chinese research endeavours) and (iii) translation (through provision of detailed air pollution source assessments, in support of assessment of health impacts and development of mitigation strategies). More generally, the project will leave a legacy of improved air pollution understanding and research capacity of the Chinese teams, and, through integration with other themes of the Megacities programme, underpin improvements in the health and welfare of the population of Beijing, and across China more widely - ultimately benefitting more than a billion people.

北京的空气污染物浓度非常高，导致超过2000万人的健康和福祉受到影响。对人类健康影响最大的污染物是颗粒物、二氧化氮和臭氧。颗粒物和二氧化氮都是直接从个别来源排放的(初级贡献，其中许多没有很好地量化)；并在大气中形成(二级贡献，非常复杂)。臭氧在本质上完全是次要的，由前体气体的反应形成，其来源和丰度也很难限制。这些不确定性阻碍了对北京空气污染原因的了解，这是提供有效和高效的减少污染和改善健康战略所必需的。AIRPOLL-北京项目将通过识别和量化北京空气污染物的来源和排放来应对这一挑战。该项目位于国家环境研究中心/国家自然资源中心-国家自然科学基金中国大城市方案范围内，该方案包括研究影响空气污染物的大气过程、人类暴露和健康影响的项目，以及减少空气污染和健康影响的解决方案/缓解战略。该项目利用了英国和中国领先科学家的综合经验和专业知识，采用了多种互补的方法。该项目部署了多种大气测量和分析战略，以确定污染物的丰度和来源，开发新的排放清单，并将这些综合起来，产生新的模拟工具，用于政策制定。我们采用了一系列最先进的方法：-受体模型，其中详细的成分测量用于根据其化学特征推断污染源，结合世界领先的英国和中国的能力。-通量测量，其中测量所有来源的污染物的总排放量，提供一个关键指标来完善排放清单。我们将结合近地面测量(使用位于北京市中心的独特的大气物理研究所325米塔楼)、地面观测和来自卫星观测的通量。-3D空间分析，其中将在北京市中心周围部署一个新的传感器网络来测量污染场。-开发新的排放清单，它将预测所有来源的空气污染物在时间和空间上的分解排放，增强现有能力。-开发新的在线模拟工具，在其中集成排放，北京AIRPOLL将整合这些方法，以前所未有的详细和准确的方式全面了解北京空气污染物的来源和排放。虽然该项目是一项独立的活动，但关键交付成果融入了该计划的流程、健康和解决方案主题。该提案寻求牛顿基金的支持，这是英国官方发展援助(ODA)承诺的一部分。该项目将直接涉及官方发展援助目标，包括(I)人(通过共同开发了解特大城市空气污染的新的科学方法)、(Ii)方案(因为该项目的所有方面都是英中联合研究工作)和(Iii)翻译(通过提供详细的空气污染源评估，以支持对健康影响的评估和缓解战略的制定)。更广泛地说，该项目将留下一个遗产，提高中国团队对空气污染的理解和研究能力，并通过与超大城市计划的其他主题相结合，加强北京乃至整个中国人口的健康和福利改善--最终使10多亿人受益。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Strong anthropogenic control of secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene in Beijing

DOI：
10.5194/acp-2019-929
发表时间：
2019-10
期刊：
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
D. Bryant;William J. Dixon;J. Hopkins;R. Dunmore;K. Pereira;M. Shaw;F. Squires;T. Bannan;Archit Mehra;S. Worrall;A. Bacak;H. Coe;C. Percival;L. Whalley;D. Heard;Eloise J. Slater;B. Ouyang;T. Cui;J. Surratt;Di Liu;Zongbo Shi;R. Harrison;Yele Sun;Weiqi Xu;A. Lewis;James D. Lee;A. Rickard;J. Hamilton
通讯作者：
D. Bryant;William J. Dixon;J. Hopkins;R. Dunmore;K. Pereira;M. Shaw;F. Squires;T. Bannan;Archit Mehra;S. Worrall;A. Bacak;H. Coe;C. Percival;L. Whalley;D. Heard;Eloise J. Slater;B. Ouyang;T. Cui;J. Surratt;Di Liu;Zongbo Shi;R. Harrison;Yele Sun;Weiqi Xu;A. Lewis;James D. Lee;A. Rickard;J. Hamilton

Intercomparison of nitrous acid (HONO) measurement techniques in a megacity (Beijing)