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Determinants of Oxidative Potential, A Health-Based Metric to Assess Particulate Matter Toxicity

氧化势的决定因素，一种评估颗粒物毒性的基于健康的指标

基本信息

批准号：
NE/E008798/1
负责人：
Roy Harrison
金额：
$ 7.92万
依托单位：
King's College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2007 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FE008798%2F1
关键词：
Determinants Oxidative Potential Health Based

项目摘要

Particles which are so small as to be invisible to the naked eye are very abundant in the atmosphere. They come from a wide range of sources (e.g. road traffic) and are diverse in terms of their particle sizes and chemical composition. Earlier epidemiological studies have shown clearly that exposure to airborne particles has an impact on human health with more deaths and hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases on high pollution days and those immediately following. However, to date the epidemiology has focussed very largely on the mass of particles in wide size ranges known as PM2.5 and PM10 and has not discovered whether particular properties of the particle such as their size or chemical composition determine the relative toxicity. There would be great benefit in doing so as abatement strategies could then focus on the sources emitting the most toxic particles. In this project it is proposed to collect large samples of airborne particles in different size fractions including the ultrafine fraction (of less than 100 nanometres diameter) which is believed to have a higher toxicity per unit mass. The samples of particles will be subjected to detailed chemical analysis in the laboratory as well as being tested for their ability to exert oxidative potential, in other words, to consume the body's anti-oxidant defences. The overall aim is to understand which properties of the particles have the greatest influence on their oxidative potential which could then inform the design of epidemiological studies to investigate the links between those particle properties and effects on human health.

大气中存在大量肉眼看不见的小颗粒。它们的来源广泛（例如道路交通），并且其粒径和化学成分各不相同。早期的流行病学研究已经清楚地表明，接触空气中的颗粒物会对人类健康产生影响，在高污染日和紧随其后的几天，会导致更多的死亡和因呼吸道和心血管疾病住院的人数增加。然而，迄今为止，流行病学主要关注颗粒物的质量，即 PM2.5 和 PM10，尚未发现颗粒物的特定性质（例如其尺寸或化学成分）是否决定了相对毒性。这样做会有很大的好处，因为减排策略可以集中于排放毒性最强的颗粒的来源。在该项目中，建议收集不同尺寸部分的空气颗粒物的大样本，包括超细部分（直径小于100纳米），据信其每单位质量具有更高的毒性。颗粒样本将在实验室进行详细的化学分析，并测试其发挥氧化潜力的能力，换句话说，消耗人体抗氧化防御的能力。总体目标是了解颗粒的哪些特性对其氧化潜力影响最大，从而为流行病学研究的设计提供信息，以调查这些颗粒特性与对人类健康的影响之间的联系。