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Database technology for geological modelling of hydrocarbon reservoirs

油气藏地质建模数据库技术

基本信息

批准号：
NE/N017218/1
负责人：
Nigel Mountney
金额：
$ 12.5万
依托单位：
University of Leeds
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FN017218%2F1
关键词：
Database technology geological modelling hydrocarbon

项目摘要

The geological characteristics of subsurface sedimentary rocks control the amount of oil, gas and/or water present within them (as hydrocarbon reservoirs or aquifers), and how such fluids will flow. Petroleum geologists build three-dimensional numerical models to ascertain the likely amount and flow rates of oil and gas and optimum well locations. These models ultimately determine the success of different strategies of hydrocarbon production. Similarly, hydrogeologists develop corresponding geological models to predict water yield or contaminant transport, in order to inform aquifer exploitation and clean-up. The creation of these geological models is also required to assess the feasibility of programmes of underground carbon capture and storage. When these models are built, geologists have available only limited direct subsurface data with which to constrain the type and geometry of subsurface geological bodies with and thus their fluid-flow characteristics. To complement the sparse direct data, exposed outcrops of similar types of rocks, or modern sedimentary environments where comparable sediments are deposited, can be used as 'analogues' to hydrocarbon reservoirs or aquifers. These analogues provide proxy information regarding geological features that determine reservoir or aquifer heterogeneity. Within a reservoir or aquifer, these geological heterogeneities exert a primary control on well connectivity, flow rates, production behaviour and/or to clean-up strategies, thereby dictating how much oil or gas is likely to be produced from a reservoir, or whether contaminants are successfully removed from groundwater. Quantitative analogue data are required as input for constraining geological models of the subsurface. The derivation of this type of data from databases is an integral part of subsurface modelling workflows, but current approaches are inadequate because of the limited volume and quality of data stored in existing databases, and their current poor integration with existing modelling tools.The Leeds University IP consists of three different relational databases that contain analogue data about types of rock volumes that constitute the building blocks of geological models of reservoirs or aquifers; each database relates to a particular geological setting. All data are stored in a format that allows quantitative output to be produced, in forms that can be fed into all the common numerical methods used to build models of subsurface heterogeneity. The technology of the IP surpasses similar databases in terms of data standardisation, quantity, quality and format. The fact that a fuller characterisation of sedimentary heterogeneity is achieved by these databases enables the derivation of the output required by existing modelling algorithms: this makes the IP unique in its class. However, the current value of the IP is limited by the lack of integration with software platforms employed to generate and manage geological models of the subsurface, such as Schlumberger's Petrel. At present no existing analogue database produces output in a format readily digestible by the algorithms used in Petrel to generate geological models. Thus, the development of an interface for the optimal integration of the databases with Petrel is a key requirement for making the IP marketable. The ideal incarnation of the interface would be in the form of a Petrel 'plug-in' software component.Upon successful development, the IP will enable easy access and application of large volumes of high-quality data: this technology will aid geologists and engineers in the hydrocarbon and water-management industries in the generation of geologically sensible reservoir and aquifer models. The project will be undertaken by Luca Colombera, currently a post-doctoral research associate at Leeds, and supervised by Nigel Mountney, who is a sedimentologist and director of the Fluvial Research Group, and Bill McCaffrey (sedimentologist).

地下沉积岩的地质特征控制着其中存在的石油、天然气和/或水的量（作为碳氢化合物储层或含水层），以及这些流体的流动方式。石油地质学家建立三维数值模型来确定石油和天然气的可能数量和流量以及最佳井位。这些模型最终决定了不同碳氢化合物生产策略的成功。同样，水文地质学家开发相应的地质模型来预测产水量或污染物迁移，以便为含水层的开发和清理提供信息。还需要创建这些地质模型来评估地下碳捕获和储存计划的可行性。当建立这些模型时，地质学家只能获得有限的直接地下数据，用这些数据来约束地下地质体的类型和几何形状，从而约束其流体流动特性。为了补充稀疏的直接数据，类似类型岩石的裸露露头或沉积有类似沉积物的现代沉积环境，可以用作碳氢化合物储层或含水层的“类似物”。这些类似物提供了有关决定储层或含水层异质性的地质特征的代理信息。在储层或含水层内，这些地质异质性对油井连通性、流量、生产行为和/或清理策略发挥主要控制作用，从而决定储层可能生产多少石油或天然气，或者是否成功从地下水中去除污染物。需要定量模拟数据作为约束地下地质模型的输入。从数据库中导出此类数据是地下建模工作流程的一个组成部分，但由于现有数据库中存储的数据量和质量有限，而且它们目前与现有建模工具的集成性较差，因此当前的方法还不够充分。利兹大学 IP 由三个不同的关系数据库组成，其中包含有关构成水库或含水层地质模型构建块的岩石体积类型的模拟数据；每个数据库都与特定的地质环境相关。所有数据都以允许产生定量输出的格式存储，其形式可以输入到用于构建地下非均质性模型的所有常见数值方法中。 IP的技术在数据标准化、数量、质量和格式方面都超越了同类数据库。事实上，这些数据库可以更全面地描述沉积物的非均质性，从而能够导出现有建模算法所需的输出：这使得该 IP 在同类产品中独一无二。然而，由于缺乏与用于生成和管理地下地质模型的软件平台（例如斯伦贝谢的 Petrel）的集成，该 IP 的当前价值受到限制。目前，没有现有的模拟数据库能够以易于被 Petrel 中使用的算法消化的格式生成地质模型的输出。因此，开发用于数据库与 Petrel 最佳集成的接口是使 IP 适销对路的关键要求。该界面的理想化身是 Petrel“插件”软件组件。开发成功后，该 IP 将能够轻松访问和应用大量高质量数据：该技术将帮助碳氢化合物和水管理行业的地质学家和工程师生成地质敏感的储层和含水层模型。该项目将由目前利兹大学博士后研究员 Luca Colombera 承担，并由沉积学家兼河流研究组主任 Nigel Mountney 和 Bill McCaffrey（沉积学家）监督。