Spatial patterns of metals and metal mixtures in drinking water

饮用水中金属和金属混合物的空间格局

• 批准号: 10332731
• 负责人: Elsie Mareca Sunderland
• 金额: $ 20.76万
• 依托单位: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-02-21 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10332731
• 关键词: 5 year old; Address; Affect; Archives; Arsenic; Biomedical Research; Brain; Cadmium; Child; Chromium; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Colorado; Consumption; Country; Data; Databases; Development; Diagnosis; Effectiveness; Elderly; Elements; Exposure to; Geographic Locations; Geological Survey; Goals; Guidelines; Health; Heavy Metals; Hybrids; Immunosuppression; In Vitro; Individual; Information Systems; Lead; Link; Location; Malignant Neoplasms; Manganese; Maps; Measurement; Metal exposure; Metals; Methods; Modeling; Municipalities; Nurses' Health Study; Organoids; Oxidation-Reduction; Pattern; Persons; Poison; Population; Privatization; Process; Property; Prospective cohort; Public Health; Regulation; Research; Research Priority; Risk; Risk Assessment; Role; Sampling; Selenium; Site; Soil; Source; Superfund; Surface; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Toxicity Tests; Trace metal; Training; Treatment Effectiveness; United States; Water; Water Pollutants; Water Supply; Woman; Work; base; community engagement; contaminated drinking water; contaminated water; disease registry; drinking water; early life exposure; effectiveness evaluation; exposed human population; geochemistry; ground water; high risk; improved; innovative technologies; insight; land use; machine learning algorithm; neurodevelopment; novel; remediation; risk mitigation; superfund site; tool; water quality; water sampling; water treatment

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT In 2016, approximately 15 million people lived within one mile of Superfund sites, including approximately 5% of all children in the United States (US) under 5 years of age. Lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) are among the top ten contaminants on the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry’s 2017 Substances Priorities List for Superfund sites. These and other metals/metalloids can contaminate surface waters and groundwater systems, leading to elevated exposures through drinking water. Across the US, tens of millions of individuals consume drinking water with concentrations of heavy metals in excess of regulatory guidelines. Exposures to heavy metals have been associated with many negative impacts on public health, including impacts on neurodevelopment and cognitive aging. However, the contribution of different Superfund sites to this contamination problem remains poorly characterized on a national scale. This is important because regulations for drinking water contaminants and risk mitigation actions are often undertaken at the federal level, but most prior work has focused on site-specific studies. Proximity to Superfund sites may be associated with higher risk of contamination by heavy metal mixtures in tap water. This relationship is likely more prominent in private wells than in municipal drinking water supplies, where the finished water quality is influenced by water treatment technologies. Across different geographic areas, there are considerable differences in municipal water treatment technology and continuous development of innovative technologies, but little information is available on how this affects spatial patterns of metal concentrations in tap water. In Aim 1, we will characterize the role of Superfund sites across the country for heavy metals in private wells by developing novel hybrid mechanistic-empirical models for heavy metals across the US using a large database of measurements in groundwater from the USGS, locations of point sources such as Superfund sites, and hydrogeological features/predictors that affect the fate and transport of trace metals. For Aim 2, we will use new measurements and models to identify the spatial co- occurrence of different metal mixtures relevant to human exposures from drinking water. This analysis will be used to identify the composition of metal mixtures for in vitro toxicity tests on brain organoids in Project 2. Aim 3 will leverage >28 million measurements of heavy metals from municipal water supplies to field-evaluate the role of different treatment technologies. This will provide insights into the effectiveness of treatment technologies and can help inform Project 4 as well as Superfund site managers responsible for remediation. This project provides a link between biomedical research in the MEMCARE Center, human exposures, and potential benefits of remediation technology being developed in Project 4.

项目概要/摘要 2016 年，大约有 1500 万人居住在超级基金站点一英里范围内，其中约 5% 美国 (US) 5 岁以下的所有儿童。铅 (Pb)、砷 (As) 和镉 (Cd) 被列入有毒物质和疾病登记局 2017 年物质排名前十位的污染物之一 超级基金网站的优先级列表。这些和其他金属/类金属会污染地表水并 地下水系统，导致通过饮用水增加接触。在美国各地，数千万 人们饮用的饮用水重金属浓度超过了监管标准。 接触重金属会对公共健康产生许多负面影响，包括影响 关于神经发育和认知衰老。然而，不同超级基金网站对此的贡献 污染问题在全国范围内仍然不明确。这很重要，因为法规 针对饮用水污染物和风险的缓解行动通常是在联邦一级采取的，但大多数 之前的工作主要集中在特定地点的研究。靠近超级基金地点可能会带来更高的风险 自来水中重金属混合物的污染。这种关系在私人油井中可能更为突出 与市政饮用水供应相比，最终水质受到水处理的影响 技术。不同地理区域的市政水处理存在很大差异 技术和创新技术的不断发展，但关于如何实现这一点的信息很少 影响自来水中金属浓度的空间模式。在目标 1 中，我们将描述超级基金的作用 通过开发新型混合机械-经验方法，在全国范围内对私人井中的重金属进行检测 使用美国地质勘探局的地下水测量大型数据库建立美国各地的重金属模型， 超级基金站点等点源的位置以及影响命运的水文地质特征/预测因素 和微量金属的运输。对于目标 2，我们将使用新的测量和模型来识别空间协同 不同金属混合物的出现与人类从饮用水中的暴露有关。本次分析将 用于鉴定项目 2 中脑类器官体外毒性试验的金属混合物的成分。目标 3 将利用市政供水中超过 2800 万次的重金属测量值来现场评估其作用 不同的处理技术。这将有助于深入了解治疗技术的有效性和 可以帮助通知项目 4 以及负责修复的超级基金现场经理。该项目提供 MEMCARE 中心的生物医学研究、人类暴露以及潜在益处之间的联系 项目4正在开发修复技术。