NEC06630 How does the Paramo capture and store water? The role of plants and people.

NEC06630 Paramo 如何捕获和储存水？

• 批准号: NE/R017654/1
• 负责人: France Gerard
• 金额: $ 45.47万
• 依托单位: NERC CEH (Up to 30.11.2019)
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FR017654%2F1
• 关键词: NEC06630; How; does; Paramo; capture

Páramos are high mountain grassland-peatland biomes (3000m-4000m) that cover a total area of circa 35700km2. They are crucial for the livelihoods and wellbeing of millions of people living in Colombia and neighbouring Northern Andean countries (Venezuela, Venezuela, Ecuador and Peru). Páramos are the main source of water in these regions, are used for crop cultivation and grazing and contain a unique source of untapped genetic diversity. While the Páramos have the potential to support, through the exploitation of its biodiversity, local and regional development, the combined pressure of land use and climate change has already degraded many Páramo areas and their potential demise is a cause for concern for many, including local communities, regional and national policy and decision makers and researchers in Colombia. All agree that any future exploitation requires a sustainable approach and that the management of these systems should enhance the Páramo's resilience to climate change. However, there is still very much which is not known about the functioning of the Páramos and without this knowledge there is a risk that interventions which are designed to achieve sustainability and enhance resilience are not effective or worse detrimental. Páramos are described as sponges that capture and store water from the atmosphere. Few quantitative studies have investigated the mechanisms behind this process and even less is known about the relative role of the plants and the soil of this complex system. Also, Páramos are socio-ecological systems that have been shaped by the human populations that have inhabited them over several centuries. This interaction is continuing to date with local communities relying solely on the Páramo for their livelihoods.This interdisciplinary 3 year project aims to, jointly with Colombian collaborators, establish how the diversity of habitats and of plants within the Páramos contributes to water regulation, via direct storage in live and dead vegetation and via the supply of organic matter in the soil. We will carry out a large field and drone campaign in the Colombian Páramo Guantiva-la Rusia to collect and analyse data on plants, soil and hydrology. We will carry out satellite image analysis to map landscape scale land cover and peatland condition and improve models so that they better represent the hydrology of the ecosystem. The project will also identify how local Páramo inhabitants, particularly crop and livestock farmers, interact currently with the Páramo ecosystem through their day-to-day farming practices. We will invite local people to participate in workshops and storytelling to jointly discover how they understand they are affecting and are affected by the Páramos' water regulation. We will, as we learn more about the functioning of the Páramo, feedback our findings to the local people and so help them initiate more sustainable solutions.

Páramos是高山草原泥炭地生物群落（3000 - 4000米），总面积约35700平方公里。它们对生活在哥伦比亚和邻近的北方安第斯国家（委内瑞拉、委内瑞拉、厄瓜多尔和秘鲁）的数百万人的生计和福祉至关重要。帕拉莫斯是这些地区的主要水源，用于作物种植和放牧，并含有未开发的遗传多样性的独特来源。虽然帕拉莫有潜力通过利用其生物多样性支持地方和区域发展，但土地使用和气候变化的综合压力已经使许多帕拉莫地区退化，其潜在的消亡引起了许多人的关注，包括哥伦比亚的地方社区、区域和国家政策制定者和决策者以及研究人员。所有人都同意，任何未来的开采都需要一种可持续的方法，这些系统的管理应该提高帕拉莫对气候变化的适应能力。然而，对Páramos的运作情况仍有很多不了解的地方，如果不了解这些情况，旨在实现可持续性和增强复原力的干预措施就有可能无效，甚至有害。Páramos被描述为从大气中捕获和储存水的海绵。很少有定量研究调查了这一过程背后的机制，甚至更少有人知道这个复杂系统的植物和土壤的相对作用。此外，帕拉莫斯是社会生态系统，由几个世纪以来居住在那里的人口所塑造。这个跨学科的三年项目旨在与哥伦比亚的合作者一起，通过直接储存在活的和死的植被中，以及通过土壤中有机物质的供应，确定Páramos内栖息地和植物的多样性如何有助于水的调节。我们将在哥伦比亚的Páramo Guantiva-la Rusia开展大规模的实地和无人机活动，以收集和分析有关植物，土壤和水文的数据。我们将进行卫星图像分析，绘制景观尺度土地覆盖和泥炭地状况图，并改进模型，使其更好地反映生态系统的水文情况。该项目还将确定当地Páramo居民，特别是农作物和畜牧业农民，目前如何通过日常耕作与Páramo生态系统互动。我们将邀请当地人参加研讨会和讲故事，共同发现他们如何理解他们正在影响和受到Páramos水调节的影响。随着我们对Páramo的运作有了更多的了解，我们将把我们的发现反馈给当地人民，从而帮助他们提出更可持续的解决方案。

项目成果

Identifying and mapping individual plants in a highly diverse high-elevation ecosystem using UAV imagery and deep learning

• DOI: 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2020.09.025
• 发表时间: 2020-11
• 期刊: Isprs Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
• 影响因子: 12.7
• 作者: Ce Zhang;P. Atkinson;Charles T. George;Zhaofei Wen;M. Diazgranados;F. Gerard

Baseflow Yield Coefficient: A Simple Hydrological Index for Water Yield and Hydrological Regulation

基流产量系数：产水量和水文调节的简单水文指标

• DOI: 10.1002/essoar.10511760.1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Ochoa-Tocachi B