Field Spectroscopy Facility (FSF)

对地观测是在全球范围内了解陆地、海洋、淡水、冰冻圈和大气过程的一个重要工具。随着全球光电平台和传感器的迅速增加，这些数据带来了巨大的科学和商业机会。许多EO依赖于卫星测量地球反射或发射的电磁辐射。这些空间数据需要根据当地实地光谱观测结果进行仔细解释，以便最好地提取与地球环境有关的信息。NERC的现场光谱设施（FSF）将支持这一进程，为英国科学提供现场光谱操作，技术创新和财务效率的临界质量。FSF将通过提供先进的光谱仪器、校准设施以及现场支持和建议，支持环境科学领域的EO分析。自由空间基金将支持开发技术，从遥感光谱测量中估计环境参数，并支持近地、机载和卫星EO数据的地面验证和校准。FSF还将支持光谱解释的相关和关键的国际活动。FSF的国家能力与其独特的仪器专业知识，直接访问实验室/校准设施，现场工作后勤支持，高质量的培训和设备贷款相结合。FSF将提供一个独特的设施，不仅为英国科学家提供设备，而且在所有项目阶段提供培训，光学实验室访问和指导，从方法开发到现场支持再到数据分析。FSF将为用户提供培训，使其成为现场光谱技术的专家，了解他们正在进行的测量，他们正在使用的设备，以及如何充分利用他们的现场工作和数据。FSF致力于为广泛的用户社区提供科学支持，从领导光谱技术开发的EO专家到需要支持来解释和分析EO数据以解决其科学问题的环境科学家。FSF将参与和支持来自陆地，海洋和大气领域的社区，以及野外生物学，生态学，土地利用，地球化学，气象学，大气化学，火山学，冰冻圈，海洋科学等学科。FSF将托管和支持一系列现代化的现场可用仪器，供英国科学界使用：现场分光辐射计，开放路径FTIR光谱仪，跟踪和手持太阳光度计以及水下光学传感器套件。FSF将提供一个直接访问的光学校准实验室，为用户提供校准和校准其设备的能力，以跟踪国家标准。这些设施还将允许FSF进行“内部”研究和开发，优化光谱仪系统性能，以产生新的方法和工具来支持NERC科学家。FSF对其设备及其物理测量有着深入的了解，使FSF能够让用户更深入地了解数据，其局限性以及如何最好地利用它们。FSF还将支持NCEO仪器的校准和相关NCEO NC科学的实施。FSF的目标是最大限度地利用其资源，并支持最具影响力的科学。

Earth Observation (EO) is an essential tool for understanding terrestrial, marine, freshwater, cryospheric and atmospheric processes at globally significant scales. There are enormous scientific and commercial opportunities arising from these data as the global array of EO platforms and sensors increases rapidly. Much EO relies on satellite measurements of electromagnetic radiation reflected or emitted by the Earth. These space data require careful interpretation against local field observations of spectra in order to best extract the information pertaining to Earth's environment. NERC's Field Spectroscopy Facility (FSF) will support this process, providing a critical mass in field spectroscopic operation, technical innovation and financial efficiency for UK science. FSF will underpin EO analysis across environmental science domains by providing direct community access to advanced spectroscopic instruments, calibration facilities, and field support and advice. FSF will support the development of techniques to estimate environmental parameters from remotely sensed spectral measures, and for the ground validation and calibration of near-earth, airborne and satellite EO data. FSF will also support relevant and critical international activities that underpin spectroscopic interpretation. FSF national capability is linked to its unique combination of instrument expertise, direct access laboratory/calibration facilities, field work logistics support, high quality training and equipment for loan. FSF will provide a unique facility, supplying UK scientists not only with equipment, but with the training, optical laboratory access and guidance at all project stages, from methods development to in-field support through to data analysis. FSF will provide users with training to be experts in field spectroscopy techniques, to understand the measurements they are making, the equipment they are using, and how to get the most out of their fieldwork and data. FSF is committed to delivering this science support to a broad user community, from EO experts who lead spectroscopic technique development, to environmental scientists who need support to interpret and analyse EO data to address their science. FSF will engage and support communities from terrestrial, oceanic and atmospheric domains, and across disciplines from field biology, ecology, land use, biogeochemistry, meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, volcanology, cryosphere, marine science among others. FSF will host and support a pool of modern, field-ready instruments for use by the UK science community: field spectroradiometers, an open path FTIR spectrometer, tracking and handheld sun photometers and an underwater optical sensor suite. FSF will provide a direct access optical calibration laboratory, providing users with the capability to calibrate and characterise their equipment to traceable national standards. These facilities will also allow FSF to conduct 'in-house' research and development, optimising spectrometer system performance, to produce new methods and tools to support NERC scientists. FSF has advanced understanding of its equipment and their physical measurements, allowing FSF to give its users more insight into data, their limitations and how they can best be utilised. FSF will also support calibration of NCEO instrumentation and implementation of relevant NCEO NC science. The goal for FSF will be to maximise access to its resources and to support the highest impact science as a result.