NERC Earth Observation Data Acquisition and Analysis Service (NEODAAS)

[注：NEODAAS被建议仅从支持案例中剪切粘贴到本节]NEODAAS的愿景是在地球观测数据、服务和建议方面为NERC和UKRI学术界提供灵活、反应迅速和创新的国家能力，这些能力涉及关键的战略研究和创新优先事项，并有助于了解影响英国的重要环境问题。地球观测(EO)对于在天气尺度上近实时(NRT)观测地球系统过程至关重要，因为数据记录随着时间的延长而延长。特别是，欧洲哥白尼方案正在通过建立一个具有新的和改进的能力的卫星传感器业务系统，使该领域取得重大进展。哥白尼使EO专家群体的科学受益，并对首次使用EO得出的数据和信息的非EO专家具有更大的潜力。因此，对EO数据和服务的需求不断增加，但显然，所有赠款持有者都生成自己的EO数据效率低下，而许多非EO专家没有自己进行处理的技能基础。因此，新能源研究中心设施评估小组确认了在普利茅斯建立新能源数据采集系统的必要性。NERC总部和NCEO的调查显示，对物有所值的EO服务的强烈需求已明显带来高质量的科学：2013/14年度至2017/18年度，NEODAAS支持了321份由ISI引用的出版物(所有NEODAAS论文被引用1万次)。NEODAAS服务包括：EO产品和信息，包括生产可供分析的数据产品，以满足英国的特定需求(如英国预测或定制算法)；快速响应，交付时间非常快；以非专家易于使用的格式提供数据；由NERC资助的研究产生的算法可操作，在社区中产生更广泛的影响；并提供关于《行政管理条例》来源和最佳做法的咨询和培训。NEODAAS从一个位置提供集中服务，从而避免重复，并提供临界量。NEODAAS目前是一个双节点设施，总部设在普利茅斯海洋实验室和邓迪大学。重新承诺的服务将继续在PML开展的工作，并将通过承担Dundee承担的某些工作来扩大这一工作--即为NRT数据处理收集1级数据。这将通过网络/ftp下载和基于PML的EUMETCast数据接收来实现。NEODAAS将提供灵活性，以满足英国社区的广泛需求，并在利用PML研发成果、当地专业知识和现有计算和处理系统方面发挥相当大的影响力。NEODAAS将支持通过NERC赠款、NERC中心/调查NC、奖学金、博士培训伙伴关系或博士培训中心、直接访问建议以及UKRI资助机会资助的优秀科学，如GCRF和产业战略挑战基金(ISCF)。终端用户社区和相应的服务可以被分成两组或两条线：1)面向希望利用EO数据集和信息但不希望或不能花费大量时间学习如何进行数据处理的非EO专家的服务。这些服务支持更广泛的用户社区，可能有1000名S，他们中的许多人甚至可能不知道这一点(例如，在NEODAAS指导的研究巡航中的非EO科学家)。2)向EO社区提供的服务，他们具有EO专业知识，但希望在NRT框架中获得算法实现等专业帮助，例如，来自NCEO研究的帮助，或者希望将他们的算法包括在NEODAAS处理链中。潜在用户数量较少，通常是100%的S，但其服务可能比Strand 1更复杂、更定制。

[Note, NEODAAS were advised to merely cut and paste from the case for support into this section] The vision for NEODAAS is to provide NERC and UKRI academic communities with flexible, responsive and innovative national capability in Earth Observation data, services and advice, which addresses key strategic research and innovation priorities and contributes to understanding of important environmental issues affecting the UK. Earth Observation (EO) is crucial for observing Earth system processes in near-real time (NRT) at synoptic scales and over long periods as the data records extend in time. The European Copernicus programme, in particular, is enabling significant advances in the field through construction of an operational system of satellite-based sensors, with new and improved capabilities. Copernicus benefits the science of the expert EO community, and has even greater potential for non EO experts who can use EO derived data and information for the first time. There is, thus, increasing demand for EO data and services, but clearly it is inefficient for all grant-holders to be generating their own EO data, while many non-EO experts do not have the skill base to do their own processing. Hence, the need for NEODAAS at Plymouth was confirmed by the NERC Facilities Evaluation Panel. Surveys by NERC Head Office and NCEO show strong demand for a value for money EO service which has demonstrably resulted in high quality science: between 2013/14 and 2017/18, NEODAAS supported 321 ISI-refereed publications (with >10k citations to all NEODAAS papers).NEODAAS services include: EO products and information including production of analysis-ready data products to meet particular UK needs (such as UK projections or bespoke algorithms); rapid-response with very fast delivery times; provision of data in formats that can be easily used by non-experts; operationalisation of algorithms produced by NERC-funded research, for wider impact in the community; and provision of advice and training in the sources and best practice in EO. NEODAAS offers a centralised service from one location, thus avoiding duplication, and providing critical mass. NEODAAS is currently a dual node facility based at Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML) and the University of Dundee. The recommissioned service will continue work performed at PML, and will expand this by taking on certain of the work undertaken by Dundee - namely the collection of level 1 data for NRT data processing. This will be done via web/ftp downloads and PML-based EUMETCast data reception. NEODAAS will provide flexibility to meet the wide range of UK community needs, and considerable leverage in terms of exploiting PML R&D outcomes, local expertise and existing computing and processing systems. NEODAAS will support Excellent Science funded through NERC grants, NERC Centre/Survey NC, Fellowships, Doctoral Training Partnerships or Centres for Doctoral Training, direct-access proposals as well as UKRI funding opportunities, such as the GCRF and Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund (ISCF). The end-user community and the corresponding services may be split into two groups or strands:Strand 1) Services to non-EO experts who wish to make use of EO datasets and information but do not wish, or are not able to spend extensive time learning how to do data processing. These services support the wider user community, numbering potentially many 1000's, many of whom may not even be aware of it (e.g. non-EO scientists on research cruises guided by NEODAAS).Strand 2) Services to the EO Community who have EO expertise, but want specialist aid such as algorithm implementation, e.g. arising from NCEO research, in a NRT framework or would like to include their algorithms in the NEODAAS processing chain. The potential number of users is smaller, typically 100's, but the services may be more complex and bespoke in nature than those in Strand 1.