ENHANCING MOBILITY IN THE ELDERLY

增强老年人的活动能力

• 批准号: 2678996
• 负责人: KARLENE K BALL
• 金额: $ 51.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-09-15 至 2003-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2678996
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; functional ability; human old age (65+); human subject; vehicular accident; visual fields

This application proposes a Center of Research on Applied Gerontology at Western Kentucky University. The theme of the proposed Center is research on prolonging the independence of older adults through maintenance of those critical skills and functions underlying driving competence. Many older adults experience difficulty in driving with advancing age due to the deterioration of sensory and cognitive functions. In particular, recent studies have demonstrated that visual attentional problems are good predictors of increased accident involvement in older adults. These accidents, when they occur, are much more likely to result in injury and long-term disability or death than those involving younger drivers. The significance of this research field is underscored by the fact that continued mobility fosters independence, and the ultimate goal of these centers is to benefit the lives of older people by improving quality of life, enhancing productivity, and minimizing the need for care. Furthermore, decreased mobility leads to both social and economic dependence on family members and society at large. A related and essential goal is the maintenance of mobility without sacrificing safety concerns. The proposed Center of Research on Applied Gerontology at Western Kentucky University will have three research components, all designed to evaluate and/or develop interventions to enhance mobility in the elderly. All research projects are primarily interested in members of the community dwelling population who are ambulatory, and able to drive. The Field Intervention Study of the Center is designed to evaluate a training program targeted at both detecting and improving visual attentional problems that have been associated with increased accident risk, and to determine if this training leads to reduced accident involvement and continued mobility through driving. There are two laboratory projects. One study will identify individuals in the Eye Foundation Hospital at the University of Alabama in Birmingham who are scheduled for imminent cataract removal. This project will evaluate a battery of predictors known to be related to crash history both before and following cataract removal to determine how improvement of visual function relates to future driving performance and other higher order functional predictors such as visual attention. The second laboratory study will evaluate transfer of training not only to reduced accident involvement, but also to driving simulator performance and other laboratory measures of the critical skills essential for safe driving. The Center will also provide a management core, which will provide: l) data management and biostatistical services for all three projects, 2) technical support and equipment as needed for all the projects, and 3) demonstration and information dissemination services for the projects so that new findings about enhancing independence. are communicated to health care professionals, the public, the scientific community, and government policy makers. Finally, the Center will have an Advisory Committee which will oversee the functioning of the core as well as the individual projects.

本申请建议在香港设立应用老年学研究中心， 西肯塔基州大学。拟建中心的主题是研究 关于通过维护老年人的 这些关键技能和功能的基础驾驶能力。 许多 老年人随着年龄的增长驾驶困难， 感觉和认知功能的退化特别是， 最近的研究表明，视觉注意力问题是好的， 老年人事故发生率增加的预测因素。这些 事故发生时，更有可能造成伤害， 长期残疾或死亡的风险高于年轻司机。的 这一研究领域的重要性是强调的事实， 持续的流动性促进了独立性，而这些的最终目标是 中心是通过提高老年人的生活质量， 生活，提高生产力，并尽量减少护理的需要。 此外，流动性下降导致社会和经济 对家庭成员和整个社会的依赖。一个相关的和必要的 目标是在不牺牲安全的情况下保持机动性。 拟议中的肯塔基州西部应用老年学研究中心 大学将有三个研究组成部分，都旨在评估 和/或制定干预措施，以提高老年人的流动性。所有 研究项目主要对社区成员感兴趣 能走动和开车的居住人口。领域 中心的干预研究旨在评估培训 旨在检测和改善视觉注意力的计划 与事故风险增加有关的问题，以及 确定培训是否能减少事故发生， 通过驾驶保持机动性。有两个实验室项目。一 这项研究将确定在眼科基金会医院的个人， 伯明翰的亚拉巴马大学的学生们 白内障摘除术该项目将评估一组已知的预测因子， 与白内障摘除前后的撞车史有关 以确定视觉功能的改善与未来驾驶的关系 性能和其他更高阶的功能预测器，如视觉 关注第二项实验室研究将评估培训的转移 不仅可以减少事故的发生，还可以增加驾驶模拟器 关键技能的性能和其他实验室测量 为了安全驾驶。该中心还将提供一个管理核心， l）为所有三个国家提供数据管理和生物统计服务 2）所有项目所需的技术支持和设备， 项目，以及3）示范和信息传播服务， 这些项目，使新的发现，提高独立性。是 传达给卫生保健专业人员，公众，科学 社区和政府决策者。最后，该中心将有一个 咨询委员会，该委员会还将监督核心小组的运作 作为个人项目。