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ADVANCES (ADVancing Analysis of Natural Capital in LandscapE DecisionS)

ADVANCES（景观决策中自然资本的高级分析）

基本信息

批准号：
NE/T002115/1
负责人：
Andrew Lovett
金额：
$ 64.84万
依托单位：
University of East Anglia
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FT002115%2F1
关键词：
ADVANCES ADVancing Analysis Natural Capital

项目摘要

Natural Capital is a fundamental component of an economy's stock of resources upon which human health, well-being and wealth depend. Economic growth and development are conditioned by the economy's overall capital stock which includes produced capital (i.e. factories, power stations, infrastructure); human capital (i.e. people); social capital (i.e. social networks and communities); and natural capital (i.e. assets such as landscapes, soils, water, air and ecosystems). The combination of natural capital and other forms of capital provides society with so-called ecosystem services, and these, in turn, supply a variety of benefits. The flows of benefits to people include: pollination and food supply; water supply, purification and flood protection; carbon storage; and recreation and amenity experiences. Individual and societal health and well-being are enhanced where the flow of ecosystem services contributes to cleaner water/air, more equitable climates, recreation experiences and cultural enrichment.It is increasingly common to incorporate assessments of natural capital into public and private sector decision-making because it allows comparison of potential policies or projects that may enhance or degrade the environment in terms of changes in the quantities of the goods and services provided to society. However, while the principles of the natural capital approach are now well-accepted (e.g. they are a key feature of the 25 Year Environment Plan published by the UK Government in 2018) its practical application faces a number of challenges. These include the way in which the effect of policies or management actions can vary by location or scale, the manner in which interventions to improve one benefit may have negative impacts on another (i.e. a trade-off), the uncertainties involved in estimating the size of such changes, and that some types of benefits (e.g. related to food production) are more straightforward to measure than others (e.g. the enjoyment provided by landscape views). Addressing these challenges is particularly important in the context of UK government proposals to introduce new agricultural and environmental policies, as well as other alterations in land use (such as new house building or increased use of renewable energy) and the impacts of climate change. This project therefore seeks to develop better computer-based optimisation and statistical tools to assess changes in natural capital. It will do this through collaborations between a team of researchers who have previously investigated the implications of changes in the UK energy system for natural capital, and applied mathematicians who can contribute more advanced quantitative skills to the problems involved. The project will also involve representatives from government departments, businesses and other organisations concerned with land management and nature conservation in order to help ensure that the findings and modelling techniques produced by the project are relevant to their needs and ultimately better future decision-making about the UK Landscape.

自然资本是人类健康、福祉和财富所依赖的经济资源存量的基本组成部分。经济增长和发展取决于经济体的总体资本存量，其中包括生产资本（即工厂、发电站、基础设施）；人力资本（即人）；社会资本（即社交网络和社区）；和自然资本（即景观、土壤、水、空气和生态系统等资产）。自然资本和其他形式资本的结合为社会提供了所谓的生态系统服务，而这些服务反过来又提供了各种好处。对人类的利益流动包括：授粉和食物供应；供水、净化和防洪；碳储存；以及娱乐和便利体验。如果生态系统服务的流动有助于提供更清洁的水/空气、更公平的气候、娱乐体验和丰富的文化，那么个人和社会的健康和福祉就会得到加强。将自然资本评估纳入公共和私营部门的决策越来越普遍，因为它可以根据向社会提供的商品和服务数量的变化来比较可能改善或恶化环境的潜在政策或项目。然而，虽然自然资本方法的原则现已被广泛接受（例如，它们是英国政府 2018 年发布的 25 年环境计划的一个关键特征），但其实际应用面临着许多挑战。其中包括政策或管理行动的效果可能因地点或规模而异的方式、改善一种效益的干预措施可能对另一种效益产生负面影响的方式（即权衡）、估计此类变化规模所涉及的不确定性，以及某些类型的效益（例如与粮食生产有关）比其他类型的效益（例如景观提供的享受）更容易测量。在英国政府提议引入新的农业和环境政策以及土地利用的其他变化（例如新房屋建设或增加可再生能源的使用）以及气候变化的影响的背景下，应对这些挑战尤为重要。因此，该项目寻求开发更好的基于计算机的优化和统计工具来评估自然资本的变化。它将通过一组研究人员和应用数学家之间的合作来实现这一目标，这些研究人员之前曾研究过英国能源系统变化对自然资本的影响，而应用数学家可以为所涉及的问题贡献更先进的定量技能。该项目还将涉及来自政府部门、企业和其他与土地管理和自然保护有关的组织的代表，以帮助确保该项目产生的调查结果和建模技术符合他们的需求，并最终更好地制定有关英国景观的未来决策。