Scaling-up restorative assisted evolution on Anthropocene coral reefs

扩大人类世珊瑚礁的恢复辅助进化

• 批准号: NE/T014547/1
• 负责人: James Guest
• 金额: $ 1.7万
• 依托单位: Newcastle University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FT014547%2F1
• 关键词: Scaling; up; restorative; assisted; evolution

NERC : Liam Lachs : NE/S007512/1Coral reefs face unprecedented declines and ecological changes worldwide due to the impact of humans. This is particularly worrying as coral reefs support fisheries and tourism livelihoods, they act as a coastal protection from storms, and also harbour unique biodiversity. Even when local disturbances like fishing or nutrient enrichment are banned, mass coral bleaching events have still occurred on a global scale. This is caused by severe marine heatwaves. As the oceans heat up due to climate change, marine heatwaves become ever more frequent and last for longer periods. Without action, the socio-ecological services provided by coral reefs may be lost within 3-5 decades due to climate change. Unfortunately, the global reduction in carbon emissions needed to slow the greenhouse effect and mitigate these ecological impacts is going to be very difficult to achieve under current agreements like the Paris Agreement. Therefore, it is now critical to consider how active management interventions can be used to support the resilience of coral reefs in the future. CORALASSIST, our lab group in Newcastle University, United Kingdom, is working on this topic. We are testing coral restoration techniques combined with selective breeding using naturally heat tolerant corals. We are gaining new insights on the physiological and genomic basis for heat tolerance in individual corals, but how can this benefit an entire coral reef ecosystem?The proposed collaboration with the Climate and Coastal Ecosystem Laboratory (CCEL), University of British Columbia, Canada, will aim to answer this question. CCEL are a group of global climate modelling and coral experts, an area that is lacking from our UK research group. This collaboration will integrate the individual-level scientific knowledge from CORALASSIST into larger spatial population modelling frameworks. We will use a suite of global climate projections from climate modelling centres across the world (IPCC), combined with historical temperature data and CORALASSIST data, to do 3 main tasks.1) We will develop a downscaled sea surface temperature (SST) projection for Palau, Micronesia, Pacific Ocean.2) We will use this SST projection to understand the future trajectory of Palauan coral reefs under different climate scenarios.3) We will simulate coral restoration efforts in order to provide useful advice to coral reef managers, such as "how soon and how many heat-tolerant corals are needed to benefit coral reef ecosystems in the long-term".In addition to this, we will conduct 2 short visits to disseminate our research to the wider scientific community, but also to gain valuable ideas from other scientists. The Baum Lab in University of Victoria will give an entire ecosystem view of modelling, whilst the Bay Lab in University of California Davis will provide expert knowledge on integrating genetic data into coral population adaptation models.

NERC：Liam Lachs：NE/S 007512/1由于人类的影响，珊瑚礁在全球范围内面临着前所未有的衰退和生态变化。这一点尤其令人担忧，因为珊瑚礁支持渔业和旅游业的生计，它们可以保护海岸免受风暴的影响，并拥有独特的生物多样性。即使禁止捕鱼或营养强化等局部干扰，全球范围内仍发生大规模珊瑚白化事件。这是由严重的海洋热浪造成的。随着海洋因气候变化而升温，海洋热浪变得越来越频繁，持续时间也越来越长。如果不采取行动，珊瑚礁提供的社会生态服务可能在30至50年内因气候变化而丧失。不幸的是，减缓温室效应和减轻这些生态影响所需的全球碳排放量减少将很难在巴黎协定等现有协议下实现。因此，现在必须考虑如何利用积极的管理干预措施来支持珊瑚礁未来的复原力。我们在英国纽卡斯尔大学的实验室小组CORALASSIST正在研究这个课题。我们正在测试珊瑚恢复技术，并使用天然耐热珊瑚进行选择性繁殖。我们正在获得关于个体珊瑚耐热性的生理和基因组基础的新见解，但这如何使整个珊瑚礁生态系统受益？拟议与加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省大学气候和沿海生态系统实验室合作，旨在回答这一问题。CCEL是一群全球气候建模和珊瑚专家，这是我们英国研究小组所缺乏的领域。这一合作将把CORALASSIST的个人科学知识纳入更大的空间人口建模框架。我们将使用来自世界各地气候模拟中心（IPCC）的一套全球气候预测，结合历史温度数据和CORALASSIST数据，完成3项主要任务。1）我们将为帕劳，密克罗尼西亚，太平洋。2）我们将利用这一SST预测来了解帕劳珊瑚礁在不同气候条件下的未来轨迹。我们将模拟珊瑚的恢复工作，以便为珊瑚礁管理人员提供有用的建议，例如“需要多久和多少耐热珊瑚才能使珊瑚礁生态系统长期受益”。除此之外，我们将进行两次短期访问，向更广泛的科学界传播我们的研究，并从其他科学家那里获得宝贵的想法。维多利亚大学的Baum实验室将提供建模的整个生态系统视图，而加州戴维斯大学的海湾实验室将提供将遗传数据纳入珊瑚种群适应模型的专业知识。

项目成果

Unexpectedly high coral heat tolerance at thermal refugia

珊瑚礁的耐热性出乎意料地高

• DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.16.545328
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Lachs L

Likely increase in coral thermal tolerance at a Pacific archipelago

太平洋群岛珊瑚的耐热性可能会增加

• DOI: 10.25250/thescbr.brk775
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: TheScienceBreaker
• 作者: Lachs L

Emergent increase in coral thermal tolerance reduces mass bleaching under climate change.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40601-6
• 发表时间: 2023-08-22
• 期刊: NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Lachs, Liam;Donner, Simon D. D.;Mumby, Peter J. J.;Bythell, John C. C.;Humanes, Adriana;East, Holly K. K.;Guest, James R. R.
• 通讯作者: Guest, James R. R.