Chernobyl - a radioactive ecosystem on fire (CHAR)
切尔诺贝利 - 着火的放射性生态系统 (CHAR)
基本信息
- 批准号:NE/V009346/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 8.35万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2020
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2020 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Starting in early April 2020, wildfires have, to date, burnt about 500 square km of land in the Ukrainian Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ). Formed as a result of evacuation following the 1986 accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, the CEZ (2600 square km) and the adjoining similar sized area of Belarus now constitute the third largest nature reserve in mainland Europe. Although levels of radioactivity remain high in some areas of the CEZ and it includes the world's most radiologically contaminated ecosystems, the CEZ is internationally recognised as an iconic example of rewilding (ecosystem recovery/restoration). The current fires are the worst in the 34 y history of the CEZ and have decimated large areas of forest and former meadow land, including in the most contaminated areas. These fires have the potential to remobilise contamination, modify ecosystem services and result in long-term habitat change. Given the importance of the CEZ as a natural laboratory, research into the impacts of the fires needs to start as soon as possible. This urgent research activity must capitalise on the opportunity to learn how fire affects radiologically contaminated landscapes whilst also establishing post-fire baseline data to underpin future CEZ research.CHAR brings together an interdisciplinary network (from hydrology to social science) of three UK organisations with key European and Ukrainian collaborators (both researchers and practitioners). The CHAR team's UK and international partners have collaborated for >20 years, including successfully coordinating extensive field research in the CEZ since 1993. The CHAR team is in a unique position to conduct the proposed research because of baseline data from our previous NERC-funded projects, including one which investigated the impacts of a fire in the small (<6 square km) but highly contaminated Red Forest area in 2016, and long-term data holdings for the CEZ held by Ukrainian collaborators.CHAR will address four key research questions: (i) What is the influence of the fires on birds and mammals in the CEZ?; (ii) Have the fires increased the mobility of radionuclides for uptake into plants and/or transfer to aquatic systems?; (iii) Do repeated fires and radiation stress impact soil function in the Red Forest?; and (iv) Does contaminated smoke present a significant risk to fire fighters and the wider public?CHAR's results will benefit any users of the CEZ natural laboratory, including radioecologists studying the effects of radiation on wildlife, environmental modellers and those undertaking broader ecological research on rewilding. The findings of CHAR will also be used to inform future management of the CEZ and other contaminated regions (such as the large forest areas in Fukushima). Fires in radiologically contaminated regions give rise to concerns from both those responding to the fires (e.g. fire fighters) and the wider public; CHAR's independent risk assessments will be useful in addressing these concerns. Recognising that CHAR research will mainly take place during a period of international travel restrictions due to the coronavirus pandemic, the work programme has been specifically designed to ensure that all aspects can still be completed successfully. The longstanding collaborations between the UK and Ukrainian scientists and a proven track record of delivering NERC research in the CEZ during a previous period of travel restrictions (due to the armed conflict on the eastern Ukraine border) provide a high degree of confidence in the ability of the CHAR team to deliver all aspects of the proposed research. The Ukrainian collaborators have the support of the relevant Government Agency and already have permissions to work in the CEZ during the coronavirus pandemic. Additionally, the Ukrainian collaborators have the equipment and consumables required to begin the CHAR research activities as soon as CHAR is approved.
从2020年4月初开始,野火迄今已烧毁乌克兰切尔诺贝利禁区(CEZ)约500平方公里的土地。由于1986年切尔诺贝利核电站事故后的疏散而形成的CEZ(2600平方公里)和白俄罗斯相邻的类似面积的地区现在构成了欧洲大陆第三大自然保护区。虽然CEZ的某些地区放射性水平仍然很高,并且它包括世界上放射性污染最严重的生态系统,但CEZ被国际公认为是恢复(生态系统恢复/恢复)的标志性例子。目前的火灾是CEZ 34年历史上最严重的火灾,已经摧毁了大片森林和前草地,包括污染最严重的地区。这些火灾有可能重新激活污染,改变生态系统服务,并导致长期的栖息地变化。鉴于CEZ作为天然实验室的重要性,需要尽快开始研究火灾的影响。这一紧迫的研究活动必须利用机会,了解火灾如何影响辐射污染的景观,同时也建立火灾后的基线数据,以支持未来的CEZ research.CHAR汇集了一个跨学科的网络(从水文到社会科学)的三个英国组织与欧洲和乌克兰的主要合作者(研究人员和从业人员)。CHAR团队的英国和国际合作伙伴已经合作了超过20年,包括自1993年以来成功协调CEZ的广泛实地研究。CHAR团队处于一个独特的位置来进行拟议的研究,因为我们以前的NERC资助的项目的基线数据,包括一个调查火灾对小(<6平方公里),但高度污染的红森林地区在2016年,和长期数据持有的CEZ由乌克兰合作者举行.CHAR将解决四个关键的研究问题:火灾对经济区内的鸟类和哺乳动物有何影响?(ii)火灾是否增加了放射性核素被植物吸收和/或转移到水生系统的流动性?(iii)反复的火灾和辐射胁迫是否影响红森林的土壤功能?及(iv)受污染的烟雾是否对消防员及广大市民构成重大危险?CHAR的结果将使CEZ自然实验室的任何用户受益,包括研究辐射对野生动物影响的放射生态学家、环境建模者和那些对野化进行更广泛生态研究的人。该报告的调查结果还将用于为今后对CEZ和其他受污染地区(如福岛的大片森林地区)的管理提供信息。放射性污染地区的火灾引起了火灾应对人员(例如消防员)和广大公众的关切;阿富汗皇家委员会的独立风险评估将有助于解决这些关切。鉴于CHAR研究将主要在冠状病毒大流行导致国际旅行限制期间进行,因此专门设计了工作计划,以确保所有方面仍能成功完成。英国和乌克兰科学家之间的长期合作,以及在前一段旅行限制期间(由于乌克兰东部边境的武装冲突)在CEZ提供NERC研究的良好记录,为CHAR团队提供拟议研究的各个方面的能力提供了高度的信心。乌克兰合作者得到了相关政府机构的支持,并已获准在冠状病毒大流行期间在CEZ工作。此外,乌克兰合作者拥有所需的设备和消耗品,以便在紧急情况报告获得批准后开始紧急情况报告的研究活动。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(3)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Some observations on meaningful and objective inference in radioecological field studies.
- DOI:10.1111/1365-2656.13743
- 发表时间:2022-06
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:J. Jackson;R. Antwis;N. Beresford;M. Wood
- 通讯作者:J. Jackson;R. Antwis;N. Beresford;M. Wood
Ukraine: restore Chernobyl's radioecology collaboration.
乌克兰:恢复切尔诺贝利的放射生态学合作。
- DOI:10.1038/d41586-022-01265-2
- 发表时间:2022
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:64.8
- 作者:Orizaola G
- 通讯作者:Orizaola G
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Nick Beresford其他文献
Nick Beresford的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Nick Beresford', 18)}}的其他基金
NEC06110 RED FIRE: Radioactive Environment Damaged by fire: a Forest In REcovery
NEC06110 红色火灾:火灾破坏的放射性环境:恢复中的森林
- 批准号:
NE/P015212/1 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 8.35万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
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