NSFDEB-NERC: Understanding drought and post-drought legacy effects in tropical forest

NSFDEB-NERC:了解热带森林的干旱和干旱后遗留影响

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    NE/W006308/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 47.48万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2022 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

This project addresses a key gap in understanding how tropical forests respond to drought across scales, from organ to tree and forest ecosystem. It will drive extended impact in new monitoring capability using satellite data, in advanced land surface modelling, and in drought risk mitigation planning, by engaging related stakeholders through 'Science & Impact' workshops. We propose the powerful combination of a unique large-scale field experiment in Amazônia together with detailed ecophysiological and new tower-based radar measurements to deliver new insights into drought responses across scales, both during drought, and importantly, during post-drought recovery. Water availability plays a dominant role in the global carbon cycle, with a large influence from Amazônia. However, our ability to predict the effects of changing water availability is substantially constrained by limited understanding of the ecological processes occurring in response to drought, particularly in tropical forests. These responses occur across different scales, from leaf to tree to forest ecosystem, with very large impacts on the carbon cycle observed regionally and globally. Understanding drought responses of tropical forests has proved challenging for several reasons: a lack of ecophysiological analysis at the right scales; limited capacity to deliver continuous monitoring of mechanistically-informed water stress responses at large scale, eg using satellites; and limited understanding of the ecological processes comprising drought stress and its consequences. We ask: How does drought stress affect whole-tree function, and can critical processes such as transpiration and growth recover after drought in tropical forests? Does drought stress leave a long-term legacy by limiting growth potential and by increasing the risk of possible tree mortality from future drought? And critically, how do the effects of drought on tree function affect performance at the scale of many trees, ie, that of a tropical forest? Multi-scale measurements are needed to address these questions. A combination of focused ecophysiological measurement with new tower-based radar (microwave) observations has the potential to enable large advances in understanding, scaling from tree to forest and region. This project will combine the world's only long-term drought experiment at hectare scale in tropical forest, which we have run for the past twenty years, with new radar sensors. We will use tower-based radar measurements to detect changes in vegetation water content at the scale of the experiment. This will provide higher resolution detection and mechanistic insight than was previously possible using satellite radars, and allow us to connect radar and plant ecophysiological data. Our specific hypotheses address: the links between organ-, tree- and ecosystem-scale responses to drought, and after drought; how these data advance our understanding of forest function and the risk to function and survival; and how this understanding can be used to advance satellite monitoring of drought impacts, and its wider use.In summary, we have three main goals:i) To use our ecosystem-scale drought experiment in Amazônian forest to quantify and understand the effects of drought at multiple scales, using plant physiology and tower-based radar (microwave) measurements.ii) To understand post-drought legacy effects on forest resilience by using the control enabled by our experiment to halt the drought and monitor recovery processes, and the outcomes for growth and survival.iii) To use (i) and (ii) to advance large-scale satellite detection capability in tropical forests for improved biomass and drought-response monitoring. We will lead two 'Science and Impact' workshops to rapidly multiply outcomes of the work by helping to improve prediction of land-atmosphere interactions using vegetation models, and better early-warning capability for land-use planning.
该项目解决了在了解热带森林如何应对干旱方面的一个关键空白,从器官到树木和森林生态系统。它将通过“科学与影响”讲习班让相关利益攸关方参与进来,在利用卫星数据的新监测能力、先进的地表建模和干旱风险缓解规划方面扩大影响。我们提出了一个独特的大规模实地实验在亚马逊与详细的生态生理和新的基于塔的雷达测量提供新的见解干旱响应跨尺度的强大组合,无论是在干旱期间,重要的是,在干旱后的恢复。水的供应在全球碳循环中起着主导作用,亚马逊河流域的影响很大。然而,我们预测水供应量变化的影响的能力受到了很大的限制,因为我们对干旱,特别是热带森林中发生的生态过程的了解有限。这些反应发生在不同的尺度上,从树叶到树木再到森林生态系统,对区域和全球的碳循环产生了非常大的影响。由于以下几个原因,了解热带森林的干旱响应已被证明具有挑战性:缺乏正确尺度的生态生理学分析;对大规模的机械信息水分胁迫响应进行连续监测的能力有限,例如使用卫星;对包括干旱胁迫及其后果在内的生态过程的理解有限。我们问:干旱胁迫如何影响整棵树的功能,热带森林干旱后蒸腾和生长等关键过程能否恢复?干旱胁迫是否通过限制生长潜力和增加未来干旱可能导致树木死亡的风险而留下长期遗产?关键的是,干旱对树木功能的影响如何影响许多树木的表现,即热带森林的表现?需要多尺度测量来解决这些问题。有重点的生态生理学测量与新的塔式雷达(微波)观测相结合,有可能在理解方面取得巨大进展,从树木到森林和区域。该项目将联合收割机世界上唯一的长期干旱试验,在公顷规模的热带森林,我们已经运行了20年,与新的雷达传感器。我们将使用基于塔的雷达测量来检测实验规模的植被含水量的变化。这将提供比以前使用卫星雷达更高的分辨率检测和机制洞察力,并使我们能够将雷达和植物生理生态数据联系起来。我们的具体假设涉及:器官、树木和生态系统对干旱和干旱后的反应之间的联系;这些数据如何促进我们对森林功能以及功能和生存风险的理解;以及如何利用这种理解来促进干旱影响的卫星监测及其更广泛的使用。i)利用我们在亚马逊森林进行的生态系统规模的干旱实验,量化和了解干旱在多个尺度上的影响,利用植物生理学和塔上雷达ii)通过使用我们的实验所实现的控制来阻止干旱和监测恢复过程,了解干旱后对森林恢复力的影响,(三)使用(一)和(二)来推进大规模的-在热带森林中建立大规模卫星探测能力,以改进生物量和干旱应对监测。我们将领导两个“科学与影响”研讨会,通过帮助改善使用植被模型预测土地-大气相互作用,以及提高土地利用规划的预警能力,迅速增加工作成果。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(5)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
The Ecosystem Pressure-Volume Curve
  • DOI:
    10.1101/2022.09.12.507627
  • 发表时间:
    2022-09
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    O. Binks;P. Meir;Maurizio Mencuccini
  • 通讯作者:
    O. Binks;P. Meir;Maurizio Mencuccini
Small understorey trees have greater capacity than canopy trees to adjust hydraulic traits following prolonged experimental drought in a tropical forest
  • DOI:
    10.1093/treephys/tpab121
  • 发表时间:
    2021-11-24
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4
  • 作者:
    Giles, A. L.;Rowland, L.;Oliveira, R. S.
  • 通讯作者:
    Oliveira, R. S.
Convergence in phosphorus constraints to photosynthesis in forests around the world.
世界各地森林中磷对光合作用的限制趋同。
  • DOI:
    10.1038/s41467-022-32545-0
  • 发表时间:
    2022-08-25
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    16.6
  • 作者:
  • 通讯作者:
Towards species-level forecasts of drought-induced tree mortality risk.
  • DOI:
    10.1111/nph.18129
  • 发表时间:
    2022-07
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    9.4
  • 作者:
    De Kauwe, Martin G.;Sabot, Manon E. B.;Medlyn, Belinda E.;Pitman, Andrew J.;Meir, Patrick;Cernusak, Lucas A.;Gallagher, Rachael, V;Ukkola, Anna M.;Rifai, Sami W.;Choat, Brendan
  • 通讯作者:
    Choat, Brendan
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Patrick Meir其他文献

Amazon rainforest adjusts to long-term experimental drought
亚马逊雨林适应长期实验性干旱
  • DOI:
    10.1038/s41559-025-02702-x
  • 发表时间:
    2025-05-15
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    14.500
  • 作者:
    Pablo Sanchez-Martinez;Lion R. Martius;Paulo Bittencourt;Mateus Silva;Oliver Binks;Ingrid Coughlin;Vanessa Negrão-Rodrigues;João Athaydes Silva;Antonio Carlos Lola Da Costa;Rachel Selman;Sami Rifai;Lucy Rowland;Maurizio Mencuccini;Patrick Meir
  • 通讯作者:
    Patrick Meir
Title : Thermal limits of leaf metabolism across biomes Running head : Thermal limits of plants
标题:生物群落叶片代谢的热极限 运行头:植物的热极限
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2016
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Odhran S. O’Sullivan;M. Heskel;Peter B. Reich;Mark;G.;Tjoelker;W. K.;Lasantha;K.;Weerasinghe;Aurore;Penillard;Lingling Zhu;John J. G. Egerton;K. Bloomfield;Danielle Creek;Nur H. A. Bahar;Kevin L. Griffin;Vaughan;Hurry;Patrick Meir;M. Turnbull;O. Atkin
  • 通讯作者:
    O. Atkin
Realistic virtual forests for understanding forest disturbances and recovery from space
用于从太空了解森林干扰和恢复的逼真虚拟森林
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2025.06.031
  • 发表时间:
    2025-09-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    12.200
  • 作者:
    Kim Calders;Martin Herold;Jennifer Adams;John Armston;Benjamin Brede;Wout Cherlet;Zane T. Cooper;Karun Dayal;Pieter De Frenne;Shaun R. Levick;Patrick Meir;Niall Origo;Cornelius Senf;Luna Soenens;Louise Terryn;Wouter A.J. Van den Broeck;Mikko Vastaranta;Hans Verbeeck;Ludovic Villard;Mathias Disney
  • 通讯作者:
    Mathias Disney
The Variation of Productivity and Its Allocation Along a Tropical The Variation of Productivity and Its Allocation Along a Tropical Elevation Gradient: A Whole Carbon Budget Perspective Elevation Gradient: A Whole Carbon Budget Perspective
热带地区生产力的变化及其分配 热带地区生产力的变化及其分配 海拔梯度:整体碳预算视角 海拔梯度:整体碳预算视角
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Y. Malhi;C. Girardin;Gregory R. Goldsmith;C. Doughty;Norma Salinas;Daniel B. Metcalfe;W. H. Huasco;J. Silva;Jhon del Aguilla;F. F. Amézquita;Luiz E. O. C. Aragão;Rossella Guerrieri;Yoko Ishida;Nur Bahar;W. Farfán;Oliver L. Phillips;Patrick Meir;M. Silman
  • 通讯作者:
    M. Silman
Fluxos de CO2 do solo na floresta nacional de Caxiuanã, Pará, durante o experimento ESECAFLOR/LBA
帕拉州卡修安纳国家植物园中单独的二氧化碳通量,在 ESECAFLOR/LBA 实验期间
  • DOI:
    10.1590/s0102-77862013000100009
  • 发表时间:
    2013
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    J. F. S. Júnior;A. Costa;P. V. Azevedo;R. Costa;Daniel B. Metcalfe;P. H. Gonçalves;A. P. Braga;Yadvinder Malhi;L. Aragão;Patrick Meir
  • 通讯作者:
    Patrick Meir

Patrick Meir的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Patrick Meir', 18)}}的其他基金

Amazon-SOS: a Safe Operating Space for Amazonian Forests
Amazon-SOS:亚马逊森林的安全作业空间
  • 批准号:
    NE/X018946/1
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 47.48万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Linking biotic attack with tree mortality & canopy condition in droughted tropical rainforest
将生物攻击与树木死亡率联系起来
  • 批准号:
    NE/N006852/1
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 47.48万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
The Amazon Fertilisation Experiment (AFEX)
亚马逊施肥实验(AFEX)
  • 批准号:
    NE/L007924/1
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 47.48万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
BIODIVERSITY AND LAND-USE IMPACTS ON TROPICAL ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION (BALI)
生物多样性和土地利用对热带生态系统功能的影响(巴厘岛)
  • 批准号:
    NE/K01627X/1
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 47.48万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Understanding how drought affects the risk of increased mortality in tropical rain forests
了解干旱如何影响热带雨林死亡率增加的风险
  • 批准号:
    NE/J011002/1
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 47.48万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Tree communities, airborne remote sensing and ecosystem function: new connections through a traits framework applied to a tropical elevation gradient
树木群落、机载遥感和生态系统功能:通过应用于热带海拔梯度的特征框架建立新联系
  • 批准号:
    NE/J023531/1
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 47.48万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Are tropical uplands regional hotspots for methane and nitrous oxide?
热带高地是甲烷和一氧化二氮的区域热点吗?
  • 批准号:
    NE/H006753/1
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 47.48万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Biological controls on soil respiration and its climatic response across a large tropical elevation gradient
大热带海拔梯度土壤呼吸及其气候响应的生物控制
  • 批准号:
    NE/G018278/1
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 47.48万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Valuing rainforests as Global Eco-Utilities: a novel mechanism to pay communities for ecosystem services provided by the Amazon
将雨林视为全球生态公用事业:一种向社区支付亚马逊提供的生态系统服务费用的新颖机制
  • 批准号:
    NE/G008531/1
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 47.48万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Valuing rainforests as Global Eco-Utilities: a novel mechanism to pay communities for ecosystem services provided by the Amazon
将雨林视为全球生态公用事业:一种向社区支付亚马逊提供的生态系统服务费用的新颖机制
  • 批准号:
    NE/G008485/1
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 47.48万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant

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  • 批准号:
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  • 批准号:
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    2022
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    $ 47.48万
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