Mobile Observations and quantification of Methane Emissions to inform National Targeting, Upscaling and Mitigation (MOMENTUM)

甲烷排放的移动观测和量化，为国家目标确定、升级和缓解提供信息 (MOMENTUM)

基本信息

批准号：
NE/X014649/1
负责人：
David Lowry
金额：
$ 105.4万
依托单位：
Royal Holloway University of London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2023 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FX014649%2F1
关键词：
Mobile Observations quantification Methane Emissions

项目摘要

Consecutive record-breaking atmospheric CH4 growth rates of 15 and 17 ppb in 2020 and 2021 respectively, have increased the challenge of meeting the Paris Agreement and the Global Methane Pledge. The 2021 UN Global Methane Assessment report highlighted the need for large cuts in methane emissions this decade to slow global temperature rise. Recommendations for remediation targets are urgently required. The UN suggest that within the main source categories the following reductions are possible: 61% from fossil fuel production, distribution and use, 48% from waste processing and waste-to-energy generation, 22% from agriculture.The UK inventory suggests that CH4 anthropogenic emissions have decreased significantly since 1990, but have remained static for the last 4 years. Our recent mobile measurement campaigns have highlighted potential for further reduction in emissions, particularly in gas distribution infrastructure. Mobile studies are also well-placed to identify so-called super-emitters. Rapid identification and prioritisation for repair or replacement can thus significantly and quickly impact total national emissions, as nations continue to transition to less carbon intensive activities. The UK aims to meet its 2050 net zero targets with the development of 'green' or 'blue' energy, e.g. waste-to-energy or hydrogen production. An improved quantification of CH4 emissions from these emergent sectors is essential, but little is known about the lifecycle emissions of these sectors at present, making accurate Net Zero assessments impossible. We have already shown that CH4 measurements from biogas plants can be substantial and should be represented as point sources in the national inventory. Modelling of the UK and Ireland network of continuous methane measurement sites has allowed validation of the total UK emission from the inventory. What it does not do is validate emissions from individual source sectors or pinpoint emissions. Given these knowledge gaps how do we ensure the accuracy of the UK's methane inventory in order to prioritise mitigation strategy and Net Zero policy? MOMENTUM aims to develop mobile measurement solutions to do this. It is essential to validate source sector emissions to provide further targets for methane reduction. This requires methodology for wide spatial coverage, but at measurement heights where emissions from individual source categories can be resolved in the complex environments of the UK, rather than from satellites or aircraft. We will develop individual CH4 source category emission quantification solutions for academic and industry/regulatory end users, following a series of experimental field campaigns using vehicle and UAV platforms to calibrate measurements and validate methodologies.In summary the project will:a) Test multiple instrument responses to different meteorological, instrumental and logistical parameters during mobile measurement, applying these to a range of flux models for different controlled emission release rates and distance from source.b) Develop specific measurement and flux solutions for each source category from these results and data for co-emitted species (CO2, ammonia, ethane) and isotopes. c) Test the validity of these solutions at known energy infrastructure and agricultural sites, and in a complex source environment with multiple sources (landfill, agriculture, biogas plant, oil refinery and gas infrastructure).d) Use the validated methodology to survey a representative population of the main inventory emission categories (agriculture, waste, fossil fuel).e) Upscale the emissions to national level to identify discrepancies in the inventory, and provide knowledge to fill inventory gaps, particularly for emerging sources.f) Provide policy targets for emissions mitigation on the road to 'Net Zero' in collaboration with BEIS and other project partners.

在2020年和2021年分别连续创纪录的大气CH4增长率为15和17 ppb，增加了达到巴黎协定和全球甲烷承诺的挑战。 2021年联合国全球甲烷评估报告强调了这十年来对甲烷排放的大量切割的必要性，以减缓全球温度的升高。迫切需要提出补救目标的建议。联合国认为，在主要来源类别中可能会减少以下降低：从化石燃料生产，分销和使用中获得61％的降低，从废物处理和浪费至能源产生48％，农业为22％。英国的库存表明，CH4人为发射自1990年以来已经显着下降，但在过去4年中一直保持静态。我们最近的移动测量活动强调了进一步减少排放的潜力，尤其是在天然气分配基础设施中。移动研究也可以很好地识别所谓的超级发射器。因此，随着国家继续过渡到较少的碳密集型活动，快速识别和修复或置换的优先级可以显着并迅速影响全国排放。英国的目标是通过“绿色”或“蓝色”能量的发展实现其2050净零目标，例如废物至能源或产生氢。这些紧急部门对CH4排放的改进是必不可少的，但目前对这些部门的生命周期排放知之甚少，这使得不可能准确的净零评估。我们已经表明，沼气植物的CH4测量值可能是实质性的，应表示为国家库存中的点源。连续甲烷测量地点的英国和爱尔兰网络的建模允许验证库存的总英国排放。它没有做的是验证各个源部门或精确排放的排放。考虑到这些知识差距，我们如何确保英国甲烷库存的准确性，以确定缓解策略和净零策略的优先级？动力旨在开发移动测量解决方案来做到这一点。必须验证源部门排放以提供甲烷还原的进一步靶标。这需要用于广泛的空间覆盖的方法，但是在测量高度上，可以在英国复杂环境中而不是从卫星或飞机的复杂环境中解决各个来源类别的排放。我们将根据一系列使用车辆和无人机平台进行校准测量并验证方法学的实验现场活动，为学术和行业/监管最终用户开发单个CH4源类别排放量化解决方案，并验证方法学。总结一下，项目将测试多个工具：a）多次仪器响应对不同的气象，工具和后勤参数在移动测量范围内的范围内的范围，该范围与移动范围的范围相差，该范围是不同的，该模型在移动范围内，范围不同，从这些结果和共同发射的物种（CO2，氨，乙烷）和同位素的数据中为每个源类别的特定测量和通量溶液。 c）测试这些解决方案在已知的能源基础设施和农业场所的有效性，以及在具有多个来源的复杂来源环境中测试这些解决方案的有效性（垃圾填埋场，农业，沼气，沼气植物，炼油厂和天然气基础设施）.d）使用验证的方法来调查主要的库存类别的代表性库存，以识别国家库存的代表性（Emriviruts）（Emricults），Emrivire inciric osilsiles。库存的差异，并提供知识以填补库存空白，特别是对于新兴资源。