Alcohol Lapse: Role of Self-Control Strength & Restraint

酒精中毒：自控力的作用

• 批准号: 6383940
• 负责人: MARK B MURAVEN
• 金额: $ 10.99万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT ALBANY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6383940
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; clinical research; craving; drug /alcohol abstinence; human subject; locus of control; psychological tests

DESCRIPTION (Provided by applicant): Self-control may be vital when individuals cut back or cease drinking. To regulate their alcohol consumption, individuals must resist temptation and restrain their desire to drink. Resisting the temptation to drink should require self-control. Recent research suggests that the exertion of self-control is costly, as it requires and consumes a limited resource (self- control strength) that may be critical to the success of self-control. Individuals who previously exerted self-control may have less self-control strength and therefore perform more poorly on tests of self-control than individuals who did not exert self- control. Self-control strength may be particularly important when individuals are regulating their alcohol intake. Specific Aim 1 will help establish whether self-control strength is consumed when heavy drinkers resist the temptation to drink. After sniffing alcohol in a cue exposure paradigm, heavy drinkers should perform more poorly on subsequent tests of self-control as compared with their performance after sniffing water when contrasted with the performance of light drinkers. Negative mood, frustration, or arousal should not mediate the decline in self-control Performance after sniffing alcohol. In addition, resisting a temptation should not influence performance on a task that does not require self-control. Comparisons between light and heavy drinkers after sniffing alcohol and water will help establish whether self-control strength is required for, and consumed in the process of resisting the temptation to drink. Specific Aim 2 will explore whether proximal and distal risk factors related to self-control may influence the risk of violating alcohol consumption limits. Any factor that reduces self-control capacity may increase the likelihood of drinking limit violation. To test the relationship between limit violations and self-control demands, heavy drinking participants who were tested in the cue exposure paradigm will call an interactive voice response (IVR) system daily for 3 months to report on their drinking behavior, self-control demands, and self-control strength. Participants who experience an increase in self-control demands or a reduction in self-control strength may be more likely to violate their drinking limit. Survival and multilevel analyses will be used to determine whether excessive drinking is related to changes in day-to-day levels of self-control strength, effort exerted to resist the temptation to drink during experimental chase of the study, and individual differences in trait self-control. The present study has the potential to elucidate the self-control processes needed to enhance the maintenance of limits on alcohol intake.

描述(由申请人提供)：自我控制在以下情况下可能是至关重要的 个人减少饮酒或停止饮酒。来规范他们的酒精含量 消费，个人必须抵制诱惑，克制自己的欲望 喝。抵制饮酒的诱惑需要自我控制。近期 研究表明，自控力的运用是代价高昂的，因为这是必要的 并消耗有限的资源(自制力)，这可能是至关重要的 为自我控制的成功干杯。以前曾施加过压力的个人 自我控制力可能较弱，因此表现得更好 在自我控制测试上比那些没有发挥自我控制能力的人更差 控制力。自我控制力可能在以下情况下尤为重要 正在控制他们的酒精摄入量。 具体目标1将有助于确定是否消耗了自制力 当酗酒的人抵制饮酒的诱惑时。在闻到酒精之后 作为线索暴露范式，酗酒者应该表现得更差 随后的自我控制测验与他们在训练后的表现进行比较 与少量饮酒者的表现形成鲜明对比的是闻水。 负面情绪、挫败感或觉醒情绪不应影响 闻到酒精后的自我控制表现。此外，抵制 诱惑不应影响不需要执行的任务的性能 自我控制。轻、重度饮酒者嗅觉后的比较 酒精和水有助于确定自制力是否 在抵制诱惑的过程中所需要和消耗的 喝。 具体目标2将探讨近端和远端的危险因素是否与 自我控制可能会影响违规饮酒的风险 极限。任何降低自我控制能力的因素都可能增加 违反饮酒限制的可能性。要测试两国之间的关系 限制违规和自控要求，酗酒者 我们在线索暴露范式中进行了测试，将称为互动语音 连续3个月每天报告他们的饮酒行为的IVR系统， 自我控制的需求，以及自我控制的力量。体验的参与者 自我控制需求的增加或自我控制能力的减弱 可能更有可能违反他们的饮酒限制。生存与多层次 分析将被用来确定过度饮酒是否与 日常自控力水平的变化，努力 在研究的实验性追逐中抵制饮酒的诱惑，以及 特质自我控制的个体差异。本研究具有以下特点： 有可能阐明增强自我控制能力所需的自我控制过程 维持酒精摄入量的限制。