Alcohol Lapse: Role of Self-Control Strength & Restraint

酒精中毒：自控力的作用

• 批准号: 6533640
• 负责人: MARK B MURAVEN
• 金额: $ 11.24万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT ALBANY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6533640
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; clinical research; craving; drug /alcohol abstinence; human subject; locus of control; psychological tests

DESCRIPTION (Provided by applicant): Self-control may be vital when individuals cut back or cease drinking. To regulate their alcohol consumption, individuals must resist temptation and restrain their desire to drink. Resisting the temptation to drink should require self-control. Recent research suggests that the exertion of self-control is costly, as it requires and consumes a limited resource (self- control strength) that may be critical to the success of self-control. Individuals who previously exerted self-control may have less self-control strength and therefore perform more poorly on tests of self-control than individuals who did not exert self- control. Self-control strength may be particularly important when individuals are regulating their alcohol intake. Specific Aim 1 will help establish whether self-control strength is consumed when heavy drinkers resist the temptation to drink. After sniffing alcohol in a cue exposure paradigm, heavy drinkers should perform more poorly on subsequent tests of self-control as compared with their performance after sniffing water when contrasted with the performance of light drinkers. Negative mood, frustration, or arousal should not mediate the decline in self-control Performance after sniffing alcohol. In addition, resisting a temptation should not influence performance on a task that does not require self-control. Comparisons between light and heavy drinkers after sniffing alcohol and water will help establish whether self-control strength is required for, and consumed in the process of resisting the temptation to drink. Specific Aim 2 will explore whether proximal and distal risk factors related to self-control may influence the risk of violating alcohol consumption limits. Any factor that reduces self-control capacity may increase the likelihood of drinking limit violation. To test the relationship between limit violations and self-control demands, heavy drinking participants who were tested in the cue exposure paradigm will call an interactive voice response (IVR) system daily for 3 months to report on their drinking behavior, self-control demands, and self-control strength. Participants who experience an increase in self-control demands or a reduction in self-control strength may be more likely to violate their drinking limit. Survival and multilevel analyses will be used to determine whether excessive drinking is related to changes in day-to-day levels of self-control strength, effort exerted to resist the temptation to drink during experimental chase of the study, and individual differences in trait self-control. The present study has the potential to elucidate the self-control processes needed to enhance the maintenance of limits on alcohol intake.

描述（由申请人提供）： 在以下情况下，自我控制可能至关重要 人们减少或停止饮酒。 调节他们的酒精 消费时，个人必须抵制诱惑，抑制消费欲望 喝。 抵制饮酒的诱惑需要自我控制。 最近的 研究表明，发挥自我控制的代价是高昂的，因为它需要 并消耗有限的资源（自我控制强度），这可能是至关重要的 达到自我控制的成功。 曾经努力过的人 自控能力可能较低，因此表现较多 与那些没有发挥自我控制能力的人相比，他们在自我控制测试中表现较差 控制。 当个人 正在调节他们的酒精摄入量。 具体目标 1 将有助于确定自控力是否被消耗 当酗酒者抵制饮酒的诱惑时。 吸入酒精后 在提示暴露范式中，酗酒者应该表现得更差 随后的自我控制测试与之后的表现进行比较 与轻度饮水者的表现相比，嗅水的表现。 消极情绪、沮丧或兴奋不应该调节能力的下降 吸酒精后的自我控制表现。 此外，抵制 诱惑不应影响不需要的任务的表现 自我控制。 少量饮酒者和大量饮酒者嗅嗅后的比较 酒精和水将有助于确定自我控制能力是否良好 在抵制诱惑的过程中需要并消耗 喝。 具体目标 2 将探讨近端和远端危险因素是否相关 自我控制可能会影响违规饮酒的风险 限制。 任何降低自我控制能力的因素都可能增加 违反饮酒限制的可能性。 为了测试之间的关系 限制违规行为和自我控制要求，酗酒的参与者 在提示暴露范式中进行测试将调用交互式语音 连续 3 个月每天响应 (IVR) 系统报告他们的饮酒行为， 自控要求和自控强度。 体验参与者 自控要求增加或自控强度降低 可能更有可能违反饮酒限制。 生存和多层次 将使用分析来确定过度饮酒是否与以下因素有关： 自我控制强度、努力程度的日常变化 在研究的实验性追逐过程中抵制饮酒的诱惑，并且 自我控制特质的个体差异。 本研究有 阐明增强自我控制所需过程的潜力 维持酒精摄入量限制。