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Practicing Self-Control Lowers the Risk of Smoking Lapse

练习自我控制可以降低戒烟的风险

基本信息

批准号：
7382534
负责人：
MARK B MURAVEN
金额：
$ 23.81万
依托单位：
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT ALBANY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2004-05-01 至 2010-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study will investigate the role of self-control in smoking cessation and whether interventions that improve self-control can help reduce the risk of lapsing among smokers who wish to quit. Quitting smoking takes self-control, as the craving for nicotine and the habit of smoking must be overridden. Such self-control is difficult and often fails, despite the best intentions of the individual. A new theory of self-control may help explain why and when self-control is likely to fail as well as provide a possible intervention that may improve self-control in the long-term. According to this theory, self-control performance depends a limited resource (self-control strenqth). Individuals higher in self-control strength perform better on measures of self-control than individuals lower in self-control strength. This strength is consumed (depleted) as the individual exerts self-control. Thus, in the short-term, exerting self-control should result in poorer self-control performance. Individuals trying to quit smoking should be more likely to lapse on days when they have many self-control demands than on days when they have fewer self-control demands. In the long run, exerting self-control should have the opposite effect. The theory predicts that practicing of self-control should lead to a building of strength and an improvement in self-control. Like physical exercise, exerting self-control leads to weakness and poorer performance in the short-term, but increased strength and better performance in the long-term. Prior studies have found evidence that practicing self-control leads to an improvement in self-control. We predict that smokers who practice self-control prior to quitting should be more likely to succeed in their cessation attempt than smokers who do not practice self-control. The present research can help advance our knowledge of both the short and long-term effects of exerting self-control on smoking cessation. This is important to understanding the self-control processes that underlie abstaining from cigarettes as well as changing other health behaviors. Information from this study will increase our comprehension of self-control and the regulation of smoking, which may be useful in the design of smoking cessation programs.

描述(申请人提供)：这项拟议的研究将调查自我控制在戒烟中的作用，以及提高自我控制的干预措施是否有助于降低希望戒烟的吸烟者的戒烟风险。戒烟需要自我控制，因为对尼古丁的渴望和吸烟的习惯必须被推翻。这种自我控制是困难的，而且经常失败，尽管个人的意图是好的。一种新的自我控制理论可能有助于解释自我控制失败的原因和时间，并提供一种可能的干预措施，从长远来看可能提高自我控制能力。根据这一理论，自我控制能力取决于有限的资源(自我控制力)。自我控制力高的个体在自我控制力的测量上比自我控制力低的个体表现得更好。当个体进行自我控制时，这种力量就会消耗(耗尽)。因此，在短期内，运用自我控制应该会导致较差的自我控制表现。试图戒烟的人在自我控制需求较多的日子里更有可能失败，而不是在自我控制需求较少的日子里。从长远来看，实行自我控制应该会产生相反的效果。该理论预言，练习自我控制应该导致力量的增强和自我控制的提高。就像体育锻炼一样，自我控制在短期内会导致身体虚弱和表现不佳，但从长远来看，会增加力量，表现更好。先前的研究已经发现，练习自我控制会提高自我控制能力。我们预测，在戒烟前练习自我控制的吸烟者比不练习自我控制的吸烟者更有可能成功戒烟。本研究有助于提高我们对自我控制戒烟的短期和长期影响的认识。这对于理解戒烟和改变其他健康行为的自我控制过程非常重要。这项研究的信息将增加我们对自我控制和吸烟规则的理解，这可能对戒烟计划的设计有用。