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Copy of Precision tests of gravitation at short ranges

短距离重力精密测试副本

基本信息

批准号：
ST/G004048/1
负责人：
Clive Speake
金额：
$ 171.66万
依托单位：
University of Birmingham
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2009 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FG004048%2F1
关键词：
Copy Precision tests gravitation short

项目摘要

In physics progress is made by making theories more simple and more universal. This continues the tradition started by Isaac Newton and Michael Faraday where the seemingly disparate and complicated became unified and pleasingly simple. At present there is conflict between the theories that describe phenomena at the very smallest scales, probed by particle accelerators like the LHC, and the very largest scales as observed through telescopes by astronomers. Quantum theory has successfully described the forces of the sub-atomic world and Faraday's forces of electricity and magnetism. On the other hand the evolution of the Universe is described, according to Einstein's relativity, by the bending of space and time by matter. Both these theories are flawed as they are strongly mutually exclusive. The main reason for this incompatibility is the apparent weakness of gravitation compared with the other forces. Physicists have boldly postulated that, fundamentally, gravity is significantly stronger than it appears to us. In order to sense its full strength we have to design experiments that can explore space at the scale of 10 or so micrometers (which is thinner than a human hair). If gravity were found to be stronger at these distances this would be convincing evidence for a new theory of quantum gravity called String Theory and a number of deep-rooted problems associated with the unification of gravity and quantum theory could be resolved, hopefully leading to a simplified and more pleasing view of the Universe.

在物理学中，进步是通过使理论变得更加简单和更加普遍来实现的。这延续了艾萨克·牛顿和迈克尔·法拉第开创的传统，即看似不同和复杂的事物变得统一且简单得令人愉悦。目前，描述由大型强子对撞机等粒子加速器探测的最小尺度现象的理论与天文学家通过望远镜观察到的最大尺度现象之间存在冲突。量子理论已经成功地描述了亚原子世界的力和法拉第的电力和磁力。另一方面，根据爱因斯坦的相对论，宇宙的演化是通过物质对空间和时间的弯曲来描述的。这两种理论都有缺陷，因为它们是强烈相互排斥的。这种不相容的主要原因是引力与其他力相比明显较弱。物理学家大胆地假设，从根本上来说，引力比我们想象的要强得多。为了感受它的全部力量，我们必须设计能够探索 10 微米左右（比人的头发还细）尺度的空间的实验。如果发现引力在这些距离上更强，这将成为一种新的量子引力理论（称为弦理论）令人信服的证据，并且与引力和量子理论统一相关的许多根深蒂固的问题都可以得到解决，有望带来一个简化且更令人愉悦的宇宙观。