The study of elementary particles and their interactions

基本粒子及其相互作用的研究

• 批准号: ST/H000992/1
• 负责人: Jordan Nash
• 金额: $ 310.06万
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FH000992%2F1
• 关键词: study; elementary; particles; their; interactions

This grant is to continue the groups programme of investigation into the properties of elementary particles and the fundamental forces of nature. One of the main objectives of this grant will be to support the exploitation of three new experiments which will start taking data during the period of this grant. The CMS experiment will break new ground in studying the constituents of matter and their interactions, hoping to observe the Higgs particle and understand the origins of mass, as well as searching for new phenomena, such as finding evidence of potential dark matter candidates. The LHCb experiment will offer complementary tests of the Standard Model with the ability to look for extremely rare decays in flavour physics which are sensitive to contributions from new physics, as well as measuring CP violation in the decays of B mesons. Both these experiments will make extensive use of Grid computing which the group will continue to develop and exploit. The T2K experiment will allow us to expand our understanding of the masses and mixings in the neutrino sector, and should provide a key measurement which will guide us as to whether we ultimately could see evidence of CP violation in the neutrino sector. Follow on experiments looking to measure CP violation in neutrinos would require a dedicate neutrino factory, and the group is heavily involved in understanding the issues in preparing an accelerator for such a facility. One of the other missing pieces of the neutrino puzzle is whether the neutrino is its own anti-particle. This grant will support preparation of a future experiment to attempt to determine if the neutrino is a Majorana particle. The universe may be largely composed of Dark Matter which until now remains un-detected. The group will continue is activity in searching for direct evidence of a dark matter candidate. Accelerators which are used in particle physics also have potential applications for energy, and healthcare, and the group will continue its research into how to apply techniques which have benefit for future research accelerators as well as applied use of accelerators. The group will also be active in preparing the next generation of detectors for future facilities, both at the high luminosity upgrade of the LHC, as well as for other future colliders.

这笔资助将继续该小组对基本粒子特性和自然基本力的研究计划。这笔赠款的主要目标之一是支持三个新实验的开发，这些实验将在赠款期间开始收集数据。 CMS实验将在研究物质的成分及其相互作用方面取得新的突破，希望能够观察希格斯粒子并了解质量的起源，以及寻找新的现象，例如寻找潜在暗物质候选者的证据。 LHCb 实验将提供标准模型的补充测试，能够寻找对新物理学贡献敏感的风味物理学中极其罕见的衰变，并测量 B 介子衰变中的 CP 破坏。这两个实验都将广泛使用网格计算，该小组将继续开发和利用网格计算。 T2K实验将使我们能够扩大对中微子区域质量和混合的理解，并应该提供一个关键的测量，指导我们最终是否能在中微子区域看到CP破坏的证据。后续测量中微子CP破坏的实验需要专门的中微子工厂，该小组积极参与了解为此类设施准备加速器的问题。中微子谜题中另一个缺失的部分之一是中微子是否是其自身的反粒子。这笔赠款将支持未来实验的准备工作，以确定中微子是否是马约拉纳粒子。宇宙可能主要由暗物质组成，但迄今为止尚未被发现。该小组将继续寻找暗物质候选者的直接证据。用于粒子物理学的加速器在能源和医疗保健方面也有潜在的应用，该小组将继续研究如何应用有利于未来研究加速器以及加速器应用的技术。该小组还将积极为未来设施准备下一代探测器，包括大型强子对撞机的高亮度升级以及其他未来对撞机。