IoA Theoretical and X-ray Astronomy consolidation

IoA 理论和 X 射线天文学巩固

• 批准号: ST/J001538/1
• 负责人: Andrew Fabian
• 金额: $ 117.19万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FJ001538%2F1
• 关键词: IoA; Theoretical; ray; Astronomy; consolidation

This proposal is for an interim grant to support research in Theoretical Astrophysics and X-ray Astronomy at the Institute of Astronomy (IoA), as part of a transition to a fully consolidated IoA Astronomy grant proposal in 2012.The Theory theme addresses a wide range of astrophysical phenomena ranging from the origin of the Universe itself to the formation and evolution of galaxies, stars and planets. One of the main areas of investigation is cosmology. Members of the IoA are playing a leading role in the European Space Agency Planck mission, and will lead a definitive determination of the cosmological parameters including the age, size, dark matter, dark energy and baryonic contents of the Universe. Another project will carry out theoretical simulations and analysis of the subsequent evolution of cosmic structure during the epoch of reionisation, when the first stars and galaxies were formed.Star formation is another major focus of the grant, on scales ranging from galaxies, where the molecular clouds giving birth to stars are formed, to the formation of stars and star clusters within these molecular clouds. These investigations will combine state-of-the-art numerical simulations with analytical theory and a rich new set of multi-wavelength observations of nearby galaxies being obtained with the Herschel and Spitzer space observatories under IoA leadership.The understanding of planetary systems around stars and their formation is another goal of the Theory theme. One project will focus on modelling the properties of debris discs, discs of asteroids, cometary objects, and dust surrounding stars, using a complete IoA-led survey of nearby stars with the Herschel observatory (DEBRIS project). Another project is directed at modelling the evolution of the planetary orbits themselves in different stellar environments and stellar evolutionary stages.The final component of the Theoretical Astronomy theme is the modelling of binary star systems, and improving our understanding of how double star systems evolve when the component stars are immersed in a common envelope. This phase of evolution is important for understanding a wide range of observed stellar systems including cataclysmic variables, X-ray binaries, and the progenitors of supernovae, including the Type Ia supernovae which are used as cosmological standard candles.The second theme of the proposal is X-ray Astronomy. The research will exploit a large body of observations of galaxies, galaxy clusters, and Galactic X-ray binary systems being obtained by the X-ray group on the Chandra, XMM-Newton, Suzaku and ASTRO-H X-ray observatories to carry out three projects.One project will carry out measurements of the spin of black holes, both the supermassive black holes which power the enormous energy emissions from quasars and other active galactic nuclei, and the stellar-mass black holes in binary star systems. This work, based on spectroscopy of relativistically-broadened iron lines, will also provide insights into the accretion phenomena that power the systems.Another project will combine deep X-ray imaging and spectroscopy of the cores of galaxy clusters to study the physical conditions, turbulence, and acoustic waves and shocks in the intracluster medium, and constrain the physical nature of the feedback of radiative and mechanical energy from the galaxies in the cores of the cluster and the surrounding intergalactic gas in the clusters.A related project will combine these X-ray data with multi-wavelength measurements of the intergalactic filaments and other gas components in the clusters, to understand the feedback processes linking cooling of intergalactic gas into the central galaxies and the subsequent heating of the surroundings by the central galaxies and their embedded black holes.

该提案是一项临时拨款，以支持天文学研究所（IOA）的理论天体物理学和X射线天文学研究，作为过渡到2012年完全合并的IOA天文学拨款提案的一部分。理论主题涉及广泛的天体物理现象，从宇宙本身的起源到星系，恒星和行星的形成和演化。研究的主要领域之一是宇宙学。IoA的成员在欧洲航天局普朗克使命中发挥着主导作用，并将领导确定宇宙学参数，包括宇宙的年龄，大小，暗物质，暗能量和重子含量。另一项研究计划则会对再电离时期宇宙结构的演变进行理论模拟和分析。星星的形成是另一项研究重点，研究范围包括星系（孕育恒星的分子云在星系中形成）、恒星和分子云中的星星团的形成。这些研究将结合联合收割机最先进的数值模拟与分析理论和丰富的新的一套多波长观测附近的星系正在获得与赫歇尔和斯皮策空间天文台在IOA的领导下。行星系统周围的恒星及其形成的理解是理论主题的另一个目标。一个项目将侧重于模拟碎片盘、小行星盘、彗星物体和恒星周围尘埃的特性，利用由国际天文学协会牵头的与赫歇尔天文台（DEBRIS项目）一起对附近恒星进行的完整调查。另一个项目是模拟不同恒星环境和恒星演化阶段中行星轨道本身的演化。理论天文学主题的最后一个组成部分是模拟星星系统，并提高我们对星星系统如何演化的理解，当组成恒星沉浸在一个共同的包层中时。这一阶段的演化对于理解大范围的恒星系统，包括激变变星、X射线双星和超新星的祖先，包括被用作宇宙学标准烛光的Ia型超新星，都是非常重要的。这项研究将利用钱德拉、XMM-牛顿、朱雀和ASTRO-H X射线天文台的X射线小组对星系、星系团和银河X射线双星系统的大量观测，开展三个项目。一个项目将测量黑洞的自旋，包括为类星体和其他活动星系核提供巨大能量的超大质量黑洞，以及星星系统中的恒星质量黑洞。这项工作基于相对论加宽的铁谱线的光谱学，也将提供对系统动力吸积现象的深入了解。另一个项目将结合星系团核心的联合收割机深度X射线成像和光谱学，研究星系团内介质的物理条件、湍流、声波和冲击，并限制来自星系团核心星系和星系团周围星系际气体的辐射能和机械能反馈的物理性质。一个相关的项目将联合收割机这些X-射线数据，对星系团中的星系际细丝和其他气体成分进行多波长测量，以了解星系际气体进入中央星系的冷却与中央星系及其嵌入的黑洞随后对周围环境的加热之间的反馈过程。

项目成果

The characterization of Virgo data and its impact on gravitational-wave searches

• DOI: 10.1088/0264-9381/29/15/155002
• 发表时间: 2012-08-07
• 期刊: CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Aasi, J.;Abadie, J.;Zweizig, J.
• 通讯作者: Zweizig, J.

All-sky search for gravitational-wave bursts in the second joint LIGO-Virgo run

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.85.122007
• 发表时间: 2012-06-20
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Abadie, J.;Abbott, B. P.;Zweizig, J.
• 通讯作者: Zweizig, J.

Search for a dark matter candidate produced in association with a single top quark in pp collisions at v[s]=1.96 TeV.

搜索与 v[s]=1.96 TeV 处 pp 碰撞中的单个顶夸克相关的候选暗物质。

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.201802
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Physical review letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Aaltonen T

Einstein@Home all-sky search for periodic gravitational waves in LIGO S5 data

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.87.042001
• 发表时间: 2013-02-13
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Aasi, J.;Abadie, J.;Anderson, D. P.
• 通讯作者: Anderson, D. P.

SEARCH FOR GRAVITATIONAL WAVES ASSOCIATED WITH GAMMA-RAY BURSTS DURING LIGO SCIENCE RUN 6 AND VIRGO SCIENCE RUNS 2 AND 3

• DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/760/1/12
• 发表时间: 2012-11-20
• 期刊: ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Abadie, J.;Abbott, B. P.;Zhang, X. -L.
• 通讯作者: Zhang, X. -L.