Wakeham efficiency funds for IPPP
韦克汉姆 IPPP 效率基金
基本信息
- 批准号:ST/K001159/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 4.32万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2011
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2011 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The Standard Model (SM) gauge theory of electromagnetic, weak and strong interactions has so far withstood all the challenges that LEP, HERA and the TEVATRON have been able to pose and the validity of the SM is confirmed --- with the unification of electromagnetism and weak interactions proved and tested to one part per mille. Strong interaction effects have been tested to the per cent level. Flavour phenomena have contributed as much as the gauge principle in shaping the overall structure of the SM and it is the existence of flavours (in both the lepton and quark sectors) that gives the SM its family and generation structure. In the quark sector the SM description of flavour phenomena is as successful as the SM predictions in the gauge sector and the CKM picture of mixing and CP violation is now verified at the few per cent level. However, the observation of neutrino oscillations, and the consequent evidence that neutrinos have mass calls for an extension of the SM and neutrino masses may become a window on physics at the grand unification scale.In 2008, particle physics stands poised at the verge of new and major experimental discoveries as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) starts to accelerate and collide protons at much higher energies than ever before. The LHC will open up the new territory of TeV scale physics, where the theoretical description of the known particles and interactions breaks down, necessitating the onset of new physics. Ground-breaking discoveries are expected. In particular, the mechanism responsible for electroweak symmetry breaking that is ultimately related to the understanding of the origin of the masses of all elementary particles will manifest itself at the TeV scale. It may give rise to one or more new elementary scalar particles, the Higgs bosons, to a new kind of strong interaction or to other possibly unexpected phenomena. Furthermore, it is expected that experiments at the TeV scale will be sensitive to effects of new physics contributions that stabilise the huge hierarchy between the weak scale and the Planck scale. Prime candidates for physics beyond the SM are supersymmetry, which postulates a symmetry between fermions and bosons and embeds space--time into a ``superspace'', or additional dimensions of space, which may either be very small or even infinitely large.The high energy reach of the LHC will allow the exploration of TeV scale physics. However, the LHC experiments are significantly more complex than any previous particle physics experiment. Identifying the nature of physics at the TeV scale will require intense collaborative efforts between experimentalists and theorists. On the theoretical side, high-precision calculations of SM processes are needed to distinguish possible signals of new physics from SM backgrounds. Possible hints of new physics need to be compared with different models of physics beyond the SM in order to disentangle the underlying structure of TeV-scale physics. The IPPP has already established close connections with the UK and international experimental groups and is perfectly placed to help maximise the UK contribution to understanding the LHC data.Once the energy scale of new physics is identified, there will be a strong effort in planning and designing the next generation of particle physics experiments. The IPPP will continue its role in assessing the physics potential and the design of future accelerators, for example, through membership of the Global Design Effort for the International Linear Collider, and the International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory. The next decade promises to be pivotal in our understanding of the microscopic world. The IPPP will address fundamental questions about electroweak symmetry breaking, the structure of space-time, flavour physics and CP violation, neutrinos and lepton-flavour violation, and how particle physics connects with astrophysics and cosmology.
电磁、弱相互作用和强相互作用的标准模型(SM)规范理论到目前为止经受住了LEP、HERA和TEVATRON所能提出的所有挑战,SM的有效性得到了证实-电磁和弱相互作用的统一得到了证明和测试,达到了千分之一。强相互作用效应已被测试到百分比水平。味现象和规范原理一样,在塑造SM的整体结构方面做出了巨大的贡献,正是味的存在(在轻子和夸克扇区中)赋予了SM家族和生成结构。在夸克部门的SM描述的味道现象是成功的SM预测在规范部门和CKM图片的混合和CP违反现在验证在百分之几的水平。然而,对中微子振荡的观测以及由此产生的中微子有质量的证据要求扩展SM和中微子质量,这可能成为大统一尺度上物理学的一个窗口。2008年,随着大型强子对撞机(LHC)开始加速并以比以往更高的能量碰撞质子,粒子物理学正处于新的重大实验发现的边缘。大型强子对撞机将开辟TeV尺度物理学的新领域,在那里,对已知粒子和相互作用的理论描述被打破,需要新的物理学的开始。预计会有突破性的发现。特别是,负责电弱对称性破缺的机制最终与理解所有基本粒子质量的起源有关,它将在TeV尺度上显现出来。它可能会产生一种或多种新的基本标量粒子,希格斯玻色子,一种新的强相互作用或其他可能意想不到的现象。此外,预计TeV尺度的实验将对新物理贡献的影响敏感,这些贡献稳定了弱尺度和普朗克尺度之间的巨大等级。超对称性是超越标准模型的物理学的主要候选者,它假设费米子和玻色子之间的对称性,并将时空嵌入"超空间“,或空间的额外维度,可能非常小,甚至无限大。大型强子对撞机的高能量范围将允许探索TeV尺度的物理学。然而,LHC实验比以前的任何粒子物理实验都要复杂得多。在TeV尺度上确定物理学的性质需要实验学家和理论家之间的密切合作。在理论方面,需要对SM过程进行高精度的计算,以区分新物理的可能信号和SM背景。新物理学的可能线索需要与SM之外的不同物理模型进行比较,以解开TeV尺度物理学的基本结构。IPPP已经与英国和国际实验团体建立了密切的联系,并处于完美的位置,以帮助最大限度地提高英国对理解LHC数据的贡献。一旦新物理的能量标度被确定,将在规划和设计下一代粒子物理实验方面做出巨大努力。IPPP将继续在评估未来加速器的物理潜力和设计方面发挥作用,例如,通过成为国际直线对撞机全球设计工作和中微子工厂国际设计研究的成员。下一个十年将是我们理解微观世界的关键。IPPP将解决有关电弱对称性破缺,时空结构,味物理和CP违反,中微子和轻子味违反,以及粒子物理学如何与天体物理学和宇宙学联系的基本问题。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Valentin Khoze其他文献
Valentin Khoze的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Valentin Khoze', 18)}}的其他基金
HepData - a Data Curation Facility for Particle Physics
HepData - 粒子物理数据管理工具
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ST/K001167/1 - 财政年份:2012
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$ 4.32万 - 项目类别:
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