FUNCTION OF THE MRP/CMOAT SUBFAMILY

MRP/CMOAT 子家族的功能

• 批准号: 6172898
• 负责人: Gary D Kruh
• 金额: $ 38.18万
• 依托单位: FOX CHASE CANCER CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-01 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6172898
• 关键词: P glycoprotein; antineoplastics; chemosensitizing agent; cytotoxicity; drug resistance; embryonic stem cell; excretion; fluorescent dye /probe; gene expression; immunocytochemistry; kidney metabolism; laboratory mouse; laboratory rabbit; liver metabolism; membrane transport proteins; pharmacokinetics; protein structure function; tissue /cell culture; yeasts

Cellular resistance is the major obstacle to the successful treatment of disseminated malignancies. A fundamental resistance mechanism involves reducing cellular drug concentrations by pumping cytotoxic agents across the plasma membrane. P-glycoprotein, an ABC family transporter that confers resistance to several natural product drugs, was the first example of this mechanism. More recently MRP, an ABC transporter distantly related to Pgp, has been shown to confer a multidrug resistance phenotype that is similar but not identical to Pgp. In addition, increasing evidence indicates that a close relative of MRP, the canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter (cMOAT), confers resistance to both natural product drugs and cisplatin in cells in which it is induced. cMOAT, whose normal expression is restricted to liver canaliculi, has also been demonstrated to be involved in the hepatobiliary excretion of anticancer drugs such as methotrexate, by pumping these agents directly into the bile. Our laboratory has recently isolated four novel MRP/cMOAT-related transporters, designated MOAT-B, C, D and E. These four transporters, along with MRP and cMOAT, form a tight evolutionary cluster that defines the MRP/cMOAT subfamily. Analysis of the predicted structures of these four transporters reveals that D is the closest known relative of MRP (significantly more related to MRP than is cMOAT), and that E and cMOAT are about equally related to MRP. Expression of MOAT-D is primarily restricted to liver, kidney, colon and pancreas, and E is expressed only in the kidney and liver. These observations are highly suggestive that D and E are involved in both cellular resistance as well as the hepatobiliary and renal excretion of anticancer agents. While MOAT-B and MOAT-C are not as closely related to MRP as are D and E, they are part of the MRP/cMOAT evolutionary cluster, and may therefore also be involved in cellular resistance. The purpose of this proposal is to elucidate the roles of these novel MRP/cMOAT-related transporters in cellular resistance and hepatobiliary and renal excretion of anticancer agents. Elucidating their function will provide important information concerning the drug resistant phenotype and the pharmacokinetics of anticancer agents, and will impact the development of modulation strategies designed to circumvent membrane-based resistance mechanisms.

细胞耐药性是成功治疗播散性恶性肿瘤的主要障碍。 基本的耐药机制涉及通过泵送细胞毒性剂穿过质膜来降低细胞药物浓度。 P-糖蛋白是一种 ABC 家族转运蛋白，可对多种天然产物药物产生耐药性，是这种机制的第一个例子。 最近，MRP（一种与 Pgp 关系较远的 ABC 转运蛋白）已被证明具有与 Pgp 相似但不相同的多药耐药表型。 此外，越来越多的证据表明，MRP 的近亲，小管多特异性有机阴离子转运蛋白 (cMOAT)，在其诱导的细胞中赋予天然药物和顺铂耐药性。 cMOAT 的正常表达仅限于肝小管，也已被证明通过将这些药物直接泵入胆汁，参与甲氨蝶呤等抗癌药物的肝胆排泄。我们的实验室最近分离出了四种新型的 MRP/cMOAT 相关转运蛋白，命名为 MOAT-B、C、D 和 E。这四种转运蛋白与 MRP 和 cMOAT 一起形成了一个紧密的进化簇，定义了 MRP/cMOAT 亚家族。 对这四种转运蛋白的预测结构的分析表明，D 是已知与 MRP 最近的亲属（与 MRP 的相关性明显高于 cMOAT），并且 E 和 cMOAT 与 MRP 的相关性大致相同。 MOAT-D的表达主要限于肝、肾、结肠和胰腺，而E仅在肾和肝中表达。 这些观察结果高度表明 D 和 E 参与细胞抵抗以及抗癌药物的肝胆和肾排泄。 虽然 MOAT-B 和 MOAT-C 与 MRP 的关系不像 D 和 E 那样密切，但它们是 MRP/cMOAT 进化簇的一部分，因此也可能参与细胞耐药性。 该提案的目的是阐明这些新型 MRP/cMOAT 相关转运蛋白在细胞抵抗以及抗癌药物的肝胆和肾排泄中的作用。阐明它们的功能将提供有关抗癌药物的耐药表型和药代动力学的重要信息，并将影响旨在规避基于膜的耐药机制的调节策略的开发。