SECRETORY PROTEIN TRANSLOCATION

粗面内质网(ER)是进入 新合成的激素和酶的分泌途径。 因此，粗略的内质网介导了高效的转位 胞质中新生的多肽进入胞腔。在组织中 在需要高水平分泌物的地方，粗大的内质网是如此丰富 它主宰着亚细胞的格局。ER的增殖是 在细胞和组织中诱导对醉酒的反应，或当细胞 被刺激分泌大量蛋白质。它是 本文研究的目的是要着重研究其机制如何 实现了粗面内质网的刺激增殖。 结合核糖体是粗面内质网的主要特征。一个 以前分离的哺乳动物粗略的内质网特异蛋白 具有对核糖体的高亲和力和显著的 初级结构在其上诱导粗糙膜增殖 在酵母和哺乳动物细胞中表达。存在这样一种假设 导致ER膜增殖的特定信号通路可以 现在在使用生化、细胞平衡的模型系统中进行测试 生物和遗传方法。将确定因素，并 其特点是使细胞，从酵母到哺乳动物，能够上调 他们那群粗暴的急诊室。初步结果表明，在酵母中，它 有可能上调整个分泌途径，从而铺平 调查这一复杂而重要的规律的途径 遗传易驯化生物体中的细胞内途径。

The rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves as the entry point into the secretory pathway for newly-synthesized hormones and enzymes. Accordingly, the rough ER mediates highly-efficient translocation of nascent polypeptides from the cytoplasm into its lumen. In tissues where high levels of secretion are demanded, the rough ER is so abundant that it dominates the sub-cellular landscape. Proliferation of ER is induced in cells and tissues in response to intoxication, or when cells are stimulated to secrete large quantities of proteins. It is the purpose of the research described here to focus on the mechanism of how stimulated proliferation of the rough ER is accomplished. Bound ribosomes represent the distinguishing feature of rough ER. A mammalian rough ER-specific protein that was previously isolated and characterized as having a high-affinity for ribosomes and a remarkable primary structure induces rough membrane proliferation upon its expression in yeast and mammalian cells. The hypothesis that there is a specific signaling pathway leading to ER membrane proliferation can now be tested in model systems using a balance of biochemical, cell biological and genetic approaches. Factors will be identified and characterized that enable cells, from yeast to mammals, to upregulate their mass of rough ER. Preliminary results indicate that in yeast, it is possible to upregulate the entire secretory pathway, thus paving the way for an investigation of the regulation of this complex and important intracellular pathway in a genetically-tractable organism.