Chemical intervention strategies

对我们环境的质量和安全的显著关注 唤起了人们越来越多地意识到与 地下水中的多种有机和金属污染物与 超级基金网站。这些优先目标化学品(TC)中的许多可以 对健康有严重而持久的影响。问题的范围 更广泛，因为TCS通常以复杂的化学混合物的形式出现， 其毒性和相互作用尚不清楚。显然， 适当的化学干预策略用于修复 受污染的地下水与热带气管病的防治 人类和动物是重中之重。在这个项目中，我们提出的目标是 有四个方面：i)开发和/或描述现场实用的、以粘土为基础的 可用于结合和去除地下水中的TCS的吸附剂， Ii)用化学方法将这些解毒粘土固定在惰性基质上 增强粘土的透水性和过滤能力- 基质复合材料，III)评估优先粘土的有效性 复合材料去除受污染地下水中的TCS 选择超级基金地点的流出物，并预测成功的 通过化学和化学方法对该地下水进行净化和解毒 生物学分析，以及iv)为了确定高容量的疗效， 高亲和力解毒粘土在化学预防TC诱导中的作用 体内毒性。在我们实验室最新报道的一项程序中， 亲水和疏水的粘土矿物已被化学结合。 用砂子打磨，并将其用作显著改善排放的方法 蒙脱土的容量，同时保持其吸附性能 特性，并改善其与载体介质的接触。一个 与现有的水处理方法相比，这种模式具有明显的优势 是固沙粘土产品增加的堆积密度，它 现在可以通过在线大规模处理地下水 柱或现有的固定床砂过滤系统。进一步的研究是 明确保证勾画出最佳粘土和粘土基吸附剂 修复受污染地下水的系统。

Notable concerns about the quality and safety of our environment have evoked a growing awareness of the significant hazards associated with diverse organic and metal pollutants in groundwater associated with Superfund sites. Many of these prioritized target chemicals (TCs) can have severe and long lasting effects on health. The scope of the problem is broader still, since TCs routinely occur as complex chemical mixtures, the toxicities and interactions of which are ill-defined. Clearly, appropriate chemical intervention strategies for the remediation of polluted groundwater and the prevention of TC-induced disease in humans and animals are high priorities. In this project, our proposed aims are fourfold: i) to develop and/or characterize field-practical, clay-based adsorbents that can be used to bind and remove TCS from groundwater, ii) to chemically anchor these detoxifying clays onto inert matrices to enhance the water permeability and filtration capabilities of the clay- matrix composite, iii) to assess the effectiveness of prioritized clay composites for the removal of TCs from contaminated groundwater effluents at selected Superfund sites and to predict the successful decontamination and detoxification of this groundwater via chemical and biological analyses, and iv) to determine the efficacy of high capacity, high affinity detoxifying clays in the chemoprevention of TC-induced toxicity in vivo. In a newly reported procedure form our laboratory, hydrophilic and hydrophobic clay minerals have been chemically bonded to sand and utilized as a method for dramatically improving the discharge capacity of montmorillonate clays, while retaining their sorptive characteristics and improving their contact with the carrier medium. A distinct advantage of this model over existing methods of water treatment is the increased bulk density of the sand-immobilized clay product, which is now amenable to large scale processing of groundwater via in-line columns or existing fixed-bed sand filtration systems. Further research is clearly warranted to delineate optimal clays and clay-based sorbent systems for the remediation of polluted groundwater.