THE BIOPHYSICS OF CELL-SUBSTRATUM TRACTION STRESS

细胞基质牵引应力的生物物理学

• 批准号: 6387231
• 负责人: MICAH DEMBO
• 金额: $ 24.48万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-01 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6387231
• 关键词: 3T3 cells; biomechanics; biophysics; cell adhesion; cell line; cell motility; cell transformation; cytoskeletal proteins; extracellular matrix; fibroblasts; integrins; mechanical stress; surface property

By virtue of recent advances in the technology of the elastic substratum method (ESM) it is now possible to generate accurate vector maps of the traction stresses exerted against a substratum due to the cytoskeletal activity of a single biological cell. We here propose to exploit th ESM so as to answer several fundamental questions about the biological significance of traction stresses, about the physical and molecular origin of these stresses and about the dynamics and control of the cytoskeleton in fibroblasts. AIM number 1 to test the role of traction in the modalities by which cells sense and respond to mechanical perturbations. This will be accomplished by measuring traction stresses during and following controlled deformations to the substratum. AIM number 2 to analyze the dynamics of traction, motion and shape in pairs of normal and transformed cells as they come into contact. AIM number 3 to invent, analyze and test a variety of quantitative mechanical models of the mechanism and molecular origin of the fibroblast-substratum traction stress. AIM number 4 to test the functional linkage between the transmission to traction forces to the substratum, the presence of various integrin isotypes and the presence of Zxyin containing adhesion sites.

由于弹性基质方法（ESM）技术的最新进展，现在可以生成由于单个生物细胞的细胞骨架活性而对基质施加的牵引应力的精确矢量图。 在这里，我们建议利用th ESM，以回答几个基本的问题，牵引应力的生物学意义，这些应力的物理和分子起源，以及成纤维细胞中的细胞骨架的动力学和控制。目的1测试牵引在细胞感知和响应机械扰动的方式中的作用。 这将通过测量底层受控变形期间和之后的牵引应力来实现。目的2分析正常细胞和转化细胞接触时的牵引、运动和形状的动力学。目的3：发明、分析和测试成纤维细胞-基质牵拉应力的机制和分子起源的各种定量力学模型。目的编号4测试牵引力传递至基质、各种整合素同种型的存在和含有粘附位点的Zxyin的存在之间的功能联系。