FEBio - Finite Elements for Biomechanics and Biophysics

摘要 有限元分析已经成为生物医学科学研究和发现中不可或缺的工具。 从历史上看，缺乏为外地需求量身定做的开放软件环境阻碍了 研究进展、研究成果的传播以及模型和成果的分享。为了解决这些问题，我们 开发了FEBio软件套件，这是一个专门为生物力学和 生物物理学，在我们的第一个资助期(2007-2011年)。FEBio使用混合理论来解释多个 生物组织和流体的组成性质，统一了不可逆热力学的经典领域， 固体力学、流体力学、传质、化学反应和电动力学。在第二个 在资助期间(2012-2016)，我们实现了混合物的成分与我们之间的化学反应 通过开发易于添加功能的插件环境，扩大了FEBio的目标受众 或者将其他软件与FEBio接口。在我们的第三个资助期(2016-2020)，我们开发了一种新的FE 用于模拟可压缩和不可压缩CFD的框架，扩展了该框架以支持分析 ，并且我们增强了算法、分析和数值能力 在FEBio中，通过实现高效的迭代线性求解器和预条件，新的非线性求解策略， 和自适应网格化。在这一竞争延续申请中，我们提出了三个目标：1)制定和 为纤维组织实施计算高效的损伤和疲劳破坏框架；2)扩展我们的 解决流体区域中的物质传输和反应以及组织生长和重塑的多物理算法 流体域及其与多相域的界面；3)通过我们的 从模型设置到模型验证的整个模拟流程。这些新功能将扩展 FEBio适用于生物医学研究的新领域，增加了我们的用户基础，促进了科学研究 进步。

SUMMARY Finite element analysis has become an indispensable tool for research and discovery in the biomedical sciences. Historically, the lack of an open software environment that was tailored to the needs of the field hampered research progress, dissemination of research and sharing of models and results. To address these issues, we developed the FEBio software suite, a FE framework designed specifically for analysis in biomechanics and biophysics, during our first funding period (2007-2011). FEBio employs mixture theory to account for the multi- constituent nature of biological tissues and fluids, unifying the classical fields of irreversible thermodynamics, solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, mass transport, chemical reactions and electrokinetics. During the second funding period (2012-2016), we implemented chemical reactions between constituents of a mixture and we broadened the target audience for FEBio by developing a plugin environment that made it easy to add features or interface other software with FEBio. During our third funding period (2016-2020), we developed a novel FE framework for simulation of compressible and incompressible CFD, extended this framework to enable analysis of FSI (Fluid-Structure Interaction) problems, and we enhanced algorithmic, analysis and numerical capabilities in FEBio by implementing efficient iterative linear solvers and preconditioners, new nonlinear solution strategies, and adaptive meshing. In this competing continuation application, we propose three aims: 1) Formulate and implement a computationally efficient damage and fatigue failure framework for fibrous tissues; 2) Extend our multiphysics algorithms to solute transport and reactions in fluid domains, and tissue growth and remodeling in fluid domains and at their interfaces with multiphasic domains; 3) Integrate the use of image data through our entire simulation pipeline, from model setup to model validation. These new capabilities will expand the applicability of FEBio to new fields of biomedical research, increasing our user base and facilitating scientific advancement.