FEBio - Finite Elements for Biomechanics and Biophysics

摘要 有限元分析已成为生物医学研究和发现不可或缺的工具。 从历史上看，缺乏适合该领域需求的开放软件环境阻碍了 研究进展、研究传播以及模型和结果共享。为了解决这些问题，我们 开发了 FEBio 软件套件，这是一个专为生物力学分析而设计的有限元框架 生物物理学，在我们的第一个资助期（2007-2011）。 FEBio 采用混合理论来解释多 生物组织和流体的组成性质，统一不可逆热力学的经典领域， 固体力学、流体力学、质量传递、化学反应和动电学。第二次期间 资助期间（2012-2016），我们实现了混合物成分之间的化学反应，并且我们 通过开发可轻松添加功能的插件环境，拓宽了 FEBio 的目标受众 或将其他软件与 FEBio 连接。在我们的第三个资助期（2016-2020），我们开发了一种新颖的有限元 可压缩和不可压缩 CFD 模拟框架，扩展了该框架以进行分析 FSI（流固耦合）问题，我们增强了算法、分析和数值能力 在 FEBio 中，通过实施高效的迭代线性求解器和预处理器、新的非线性求解策略、 和自适应网格划分。在这个竞争性的延续申请中，我们提出了三个目标：1）制定和 为纤维组织实施计算有效的损伤和疲劳失效框架； 2）扩展我们的 多物理场算法用于流体域中的溶质传输和反应，以及组织生长和重塑 流体域及其与多相域的界面； 3）通过我们的集成图像数据的使用 整个仿真流程，从模型设置到模型验证。这些新功能将扩展 FEBio 在生物医学研究新领域的应用，增加我们的用户群并促进科学发展 进步。

SUMMARY Finite element analysis has become an indispensable tool for research and discovery in the biomedical sciences. Historically, the lack of an open software environment that was tailored to the needs of the field hampered research progress, dissemination of research and sharing of models and results. To address these issues, we developed the FEBio software suite, a FE framework designed specifically for analysis in biomechanics and biophysics, during our first funding period (2007-2011). FEBio employs mixture theory to account for the multi- constituent nature of biological tissues and fluids, unifying the classical fields of irreversible thermodynamics, solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, mass transport, chemical reactions and electrokinetics. During the second funding period (2012-2016), we implemented chemical reactions between constituents of a mixture and we broadened the target audience for FEBio by developing a plugin environment that made it easy to add features or interface other software with FEBio. During our third funding period (2016-2020), we developed a novel FE framework for simulation of compressible and incompressible CFD, extended this framework to enable analysis of FSI (Fluid-Structure Interaction) problems, and we enhanced algorithmic, analysis and numerical capabilities in FEBio by implementing efficient iterative linear solvers and preconditioners, new nonlinear solution strategies, and adaptive meshing. In this competing continuation application, we propose three aims: 1) Formulate and implement a computationally efficient damage and fatigue failure framework for fibrous tissues; 2) Extend our multiphysics algorithms to solute transport and reactions in fluid domains, and tissue growth and remodeling in fluid domains and at their interfaces with multiphasic domains; 3) Integrate the use of image data through our entire simulation pipeline, from model setup to model validation. These new capabilities will expand the applicability of FEBio to new fields of biomedical research, increasing our user base and facilitating scientific advancement.