Particle Physics Consolidated Grant 2022-2025

这笔赠款支持大型强子对撞机CERN的紧凑型Muon螺线管(CMS)通用探测器的粒子物理数据分析，以及硅跟踪器的维护和操作，这是一个使我们能够重建带电粒子动量的探测器子系统。利用欧洲核子研究中心大型强子对撞机上的CMS探测器，CMS与ALTAS在2012年发现了希格斯玻色子，这将极大地增强对粒子物理的“标准模型”的理解，特别是在顶夸克物理领域，寻找迄今尚未发现的规范玻色子和超对称粒子，并最终进一步揭示与质量起源有关的“希格斯”玻色子。特别是，我们将使用CMS产生的巨大数据集来研究顶夸克的产生和性质，顶夸克是一种具有独特性质的标准模型粒子。我们不仅将通过研究与Z玻色子相关的单顶夸克产生等过程来对标准模型进行精确测试，而且我们还可以利用日益庞大的数据集来开始在涉及味道变化中性电流的高度抑制通道中搜索意想不到的增强；看到这些将是标准模型崩溃的令人兴奋的证据。这笔拨款为学术人员提供支持，他们正在为CMS设计和建造一种全新的替代硅跟踪探测器，该探测器将于2020年年中安装在S身上，该探测器将首次使基于质子与光束碰撞引起的每一事件中单个轨道的动量的触发装置可用。

This grant supports particle physics data analysis from the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) general purpose detector at the Large Hadron Collider CERN and the maintenance and operation of the Silicon Tracker, a detector sub-system that enables us to reconstruct the momentum of charged particles. Exploiting the CMS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, where CMS with ALTAS discovered the Higgs Boson in 2012, will bring greatly enhanced understanding of the "Standard Model" of particle physics, particularly in the area of top-quark physics, searching for as yet undiscovered gauge bosons and supersymmetric particles, and ultimately shedding further light on the "Higgs" boson which is connected with the origins of mass. In particular we will use the huge datasets produced by CMS to study the production and properties of the top quark, a standard model particle with unique properties. We will not only make precise tests of the standard model by studying processes such as single top quark production in association with a Z boson but we can use the increasingly large data sets to begin to search for unexpected enhancements in highly suppressed channels involving Flavour Changing Neutral Currents (FCNC); seeing these would be exciting evidence of the breakdown of the standard model.This grant provides support for academic staff who are contributing to the design and construction of an entirely new replacement silicon tracking detector for CMS, to be installed in the mid 2020's which will make available for the first time a trigger based on the momenta of individual tracks in every event arising from the proton-beam collisions.