UCL Experimental Particle Physics Consolidated Grant (2022-2025)

伦敦大学学院实验粒子物理综合资助（2022-2025）

• 批准号: ST/W00058X/1
• 负责人: Andreas Korn
• 金额: $ 595.62万
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FW00058X%2F1
• 关键词: UCL; Experimental; Particle; Physics; Consolidated

Experimental particle physics studies extremely small sizes, or equivalently high energies. We seek to understand the nature of the physical universe in terms of fundamental forces and particles to answer the simple question: how did our universe evolve? Experiments capable of reaching these extremes are technically demanding, requiring precision detectors which can operate in hostile environments, particle accelerators which can collide beams at very high energies, super-sensitive detectors capable of identifying very rare decays, high-speed electronics to read a million pieces of information per second & software to analyse petabytes of data using the latest data-mining techniques.This is a "consolidated grant", underpinning the base of highly skilled research & technical staff which allows UCL to lead projects at the very highest levels. It provides the support that allows the group to effectively train PhD students & young post-doc researchers. The science this will support includes:- Understand the properties and exact nature of the Higgs boson, search for new physics at the LHC, and upgrade the ATLAS experiment.- Measure with exquisite precision the magnetic dipole moment of the muon, the heavier version of the electron, confronting a long-standing anomaly which may indicate new fundamental physics.- Understand why we live in a universe dominated by matter rather than anti-matter, in contrast to the conditions immediately after the Big Bang. Neutrino oscillations, which may show a difference between the behaviour of neutrinos and anti-neutrinos, are studied with the NOvA experiment, and soon with the massive DUNE experiment that we are helping to construct. UCL will analyse data from SuperNEMO and the new LEGEND experiment, which will search for the incredibly rare process whereby matter is spontaneously created inside the nucleus when it undergoes double-beta decay, yielding insights into how the cosmological matter-antimatter asymmetry may have arisen.- Seek evidence for dark matter (DM), that makes up the majority of matter in the universe, with the LZ experiment that is sensitive to the fleeting signatures that DM particles in our galaxy leave if they bounce off atoms in the detector.- Search for phenomena at extremely high energies, well beyond the reach of man-made accelerators. The PUEO experiment searches for ultra-high energy neutrino interactions in Antarctica.- Look for evidence of exceedingly rare processes whereby a muon converts into 1 or 3 electrons; observing this process would be a clear sign of new physics.- Develop new accelerator and detector technologies for future experiments. We are looking at paradigm-shifting accelerator technologies that may allow us to achieve higher energies in compact devices through the AWAKE project. We perform underpinning R&D that will allow us to build the next-generation of 10x larger underground detectors for DM and other rare event searches.- Seek to test the long-established theory of QED in new, extreme environments similar to those found in astrophysical objects through the LUXE experiment.- Deploy novel quantum technologies to dramatically improve the the prospect of measuring the neutrino mass, and consider how particle physics computations can be carried out vastly quicker on quantum computers.- Share our results with other scientists and industry. Our accelerator and radiation measurement expertise can be applied to various sectors, and we cooperate with instrument manufacturers to develop better products for our own research and for other users. Of particular importance is our work to develop the use of proton beams for cancer treatment, building on our close relationship with UCL-Hospitals.Some of this work is funded by other grants but is all underpinned by the technical expertise being supported by this grant, which is vital to secure the scientific progress and wider benefits that we seek.

实验粒子物理学研究的是极小的尺寸，或相当于高能量。我们试图从基本力和粒子的角度来理解物理宇宙的本质，以回答一个简单的问题：我们的宇宙是如何进化的？能够达到这些极端的实验在技术上要求很高，需要能够在恶劣环境中运行的精密探测器，可以在非常高的能量下碰撞光束的粒子加速器，能够识别非常罕见的衰变的超级灵敏探测器，能够每秒读取100万条信息的高速电子设备，以及使用最新的数据挖掘技术分析PB级数据的软件。这是一项“综合拨款”，支持高技能研究和技术人员的基础，使伦敦大学能够领导最高级别的项目。它提供的支持使该组织能够有效地培训博士生&年轻的博士后研究人员。这将支持的科学包括：-了解希格斯玻色子的性质和确切性质，在大型强子对撞机上寻找新的物理，并升级ATLAS实验。-以精密的精度测量Muon的磁偶极矩，这是较重的电子版本，面临一个长期存在的反常，这可能表明新的基础物理学。-理解为什么我们生活在一个由物质而不是反物质主导的宇宙，而不是大爆炸后的情况。中微子振荡可能显示出中微子和反中微子之间的行为不同，我们将用Nova实验来研究，很快还会用我们正在帮助建造的大规模沙丘实验来研究。UCL将分析来自SuperNEMO和新的传奇实验的数据，该实验将搜索极其罕见的过程，即当原子核经历双β衰变时，物质在原子核内自发产生，从而揭示宇宙物质-反物质不对称性可能是如何产生的。-通过LZ实验寻找暗物质(DM)的证据，暗物质(DM)是宇宙中的大多数物质，LZ实验对我们银河系中DM粒子从探测器中的原子反弹时留下的短暂信号很敏感。-寻找极高能量的现象，远远超出人造加速器的能力范围。PUEO实验在南极洲寻找超高能中微子相互作用。-寻找极其罕见的过程的证据，通过这种过程将一个介子转化为1到3个电子；观察这个过程将是新物理的明显迹象。-为未来的实验开发新的加速器和探测器技术。我们正在寻找改变模式的加速器技术，这些技术可能会让我们通过Awake项目在紧凑型设备中实现更高的能量。我们进行基础研发，这将使我们能够建造下一代更大10倍的地下探测器，用于DM和其他罕见事件搜索。-寻求在新的极端环境中测试长期确立的QED理论，类似于通过LUXE实验在天体物理对象中发现的那些环境。-部署新的量子技术，显著提高测量中微子质量的前景，并考虑如何在量子计算机上更快地进行粒子物理计算。-与其他科学家和行业分享我们的结果。我们的加速器和辐射测量专业知识可以应用于各个领域，我们与仪器制造商合作，为我们自己的研究和其他用户开发更好的产品。尤其重要的是，我们在与伦敦大学学院医院的密切关系的基础上，开发了质子束用于癌症治疗的工作。这项工作中的一些工作是由其他赠款资助的，但都是由这笔赠款所支持的技术专业知识支撑的，这对确保我们所寻求的科学进步和更广泛的利益至关重要。

项目成果

Search for new phenomena in three- or four-lepton events in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

使用 ATLAS 探测器在 s = 13 TeV 的 pp 碰撞中寻找三或四轻子事件的新现象

• DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136832
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Physics Letters B
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Aad G

Performance of the ATLAS Level-1 topological trigger in Run 2

ATLAS Level-1 拓扑触发器在运行 2 中的性能

• DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09807-0
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The European Physical Journal C
• 作者: Aad G

Emulating the impact of additional proton-proton interactions in the ATLAS simulation by presampling sets of inelastic Monte Carlo events

通过对非弹性蒙特卡罗事件集进行预采样来模拟 ATLAS 模拟中额外质子-质子相互作用的影响

• DOI: 10.1007/s41781-021-00062-2
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Computing and Software for Big Science
• 作者: Aad G

Observation of WWW Production in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.061803
• 发表时间: 2022-01
• 期刊: Physical review letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: G. Aad;B. Abbott;D. Abbott;A. Abed Abud;K. Abeling;D. Abhayasinghe;S. H. Abidi;A. Aboulhorma-A.-Aboul

Observation of electroweak production of two jets in association with an isolated photon and missing transverse momentum, and search for a Higgs boson decaying into invisible particles at 13 $$\text {TeV}$$ with the ATLAS detector

观察与孤立光子和缺失横向动量相关的两个射流的电弱产生，并使用 ATLAS 探测器寻找在 13 $$ ext {TeV}$$ 处衰变成不可见粒子的希格斯玻色子

• DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09878-z
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The European Physical Journal C
• 作者: Aad G