Optimization of a personalized skin cancer risk intervention for at-risk young adults

针对高危年轻人的个性化皮肤癌风险干预措施的优化

• 批准号: 10582944
• 负责人: JENNIFER L HAY
• 金额: $ 67.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2028-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10582944
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Appearance; Behavior; Behavioral; Cancer Prevention Intervention; Communication; Counseling; Development; Effectiveness of Interventions; Elements; Enrollment; Experimental Designs; Feedback; Future; Genetic Risk; Goals; Habits; Incidence; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Lead; Life; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Mediating; Mediator; Metastatic Melanoma; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Outcome; Persons; Photography; Population; Prevention; Recommendation; Research; Research Design; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Reduction; Seasons; Skin Cancer; Skin Carcinoma; Skin tanning; Subgroup; Sunburn; Test Result; Testing; Time; Treatment Efficacy; UV Radiation Exposure; Utah; Variant; Visual; Work; adaptive intervention; aged; cancer prevention; cancer risk; clinically significant; college; cost; demographics; design; expectation; experimental study; follow-up; genetic testing; genetic variant; improved; improved outcome; innovation; intervention effect; melanoma; multidisciplinary; multiphase optimization strategy; novel; novel therapeutics; personalized intervention; post intervention; prevent; preventive intervention; sex; skin cancer prevention; skin damage; sociodemographics; sun protection; therapy development; ultraviolet; university student; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY Melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers are common among young adults. Young adults put themselves at increased risk for skin cancers due to their tanning habits and inconsistent use of recommended sun protection methods. Existing interventions for young adults have relied on a one-size-fits-all approach primarily using appearance-focused appeals examining short-term outcomes, and have not examined potential moderators of intervention effects. We designed a skin cancer prevention intervention for college students that incorporates different types of personalized skin cancer risk information (ultraviolet photo showing underlying skin damage, MC1R testing indicating genetic risk for skin cancer, action planning) to increase receptivity to personalized risk information and to facilitate decreased tanning and increased use of sun protection. Our study is guided by the Elaboration Likelihood Model; as such we posit that intervention components will improve outcomes by increasing central processing of highly personally relevant risk and behavioral planning information. In our preliminary studies of these intervention components, we observed decreases in tanning behaviors and increases in sun protection pre- to post-intervention. We propose to apply a Multiphase Optimization Strategy to identify which of the proposed components or their combinations optimally prevent sunburn, and secondarily, which elements discourage tanning and increase use of sun protection in college students over longer term intervals (12+ months). Through a full factorial experiment, we will examine the effects of three personalized risk components: 1) UV photo; 2) MC1R genetic testing results; 3) action planning. We will explore socio-demographic and behavioral moderators of the intervention effects in order to inform the development of future deeply-tailored, optimized adaptive interventions. This project addresses the critical need for efficacious skin cancer preventive interventions for young adults in the college setting. The project will also lead to new scientific understanding of moderators of the intervention effects, which will lead to more deeply tailored interventions that better meet the needs of all young adults.

项目摘要 黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌在年轻人中很常见。年轻人把自己放在 皮肤癌的风险增加，因为他们的晒黑习惯和不一致的使用建议的防晒霜 方法.针对年轻人的现有干预措施依赖于一种一刀切的方法，主要使用 以外观为重点的上诉审查短期结果，并没有审查潜在的主持人 干预效果。我们为大学生设计了一项皮肤癌预防干预措施， 不同类型的个性化皮肤癌风险信息（显示潜在皮肤损伤的紫外线照片， MC 1 R测试表明皮肤癌的遗传风险，行动计划），以增加对个性化治疗的接受性。 风险信息，并促进减少晒黑和增加防晒的使用。我们的研究是以 Escherichia Likestival模型;因此，我们认为干预成分将通过以下方式改善结果： 增加高度个人相关的风险和行为规划信息的中央处理。在我们 对这些干预成分的初步研究，我们观察到晒黑行为的减少， 干预前后增加防晒。我们建议应用多阶段优化策略 确定哪些建议的成分或其组合最佳地防止晒伤，以及 其次，哪些元素阻止晒黑，增加了大学生防晒的使用， 更长的时间间隔（12个月以上）。通过一个完全析因实验，我们将研究三个因素的影响， 个性化风险成分：1）紫外线照片; 2）MC 1 R基因检测结果; 3）行动计划。我们将 探索干预效果的社会人口统计学和行为调节因素，以告知 制定未来深度定制、优化的适应性干预措施。该项目解决了关键的 需要有效的皮肤癌预防干预措施的年轻人在大学设置。该项目将 也导致新的科学认识的干预效果的主持人，这将导致更多的 更好地满足所有年轻人需求的深度定制干预措施。