Exercise and energy/substrate use in blacks with NIDDM

描述（改编自应用程序） 非裔美国人（AA）的2型糖尿病患病率高2-3倍 糖尿病（DM），更高的疾病相关发病率和死亡率， 美国白人（Caucasian Americans，CA）这些差异的病因 目前尚不清楚，但与胰岛素抵抗有关， 肥胖的流行。因此，调查种族差异， AA中2型DM的代谢和能量方面将提供以下重要数据 AA人群中肥胖和2型糖尿病的患病率增加 与CA相比，本研究的目的包括：（1）研究种族 底物利用、能量消耗、胰岛素敏感性 慢性运动前后的葡萄糖有效性和β细胞功能 2）确定慢性药物治疗对AA和CA患者2型DM的影响， 运动对静息代谢率（RMR）、餐后产热和 2型DM患者CA和AA受试者的底物氧化，3）为了比较 阻力与有氧训练对底物氧化和能量的影响 （4）确定执行的顺序模式是否 与CA和AA中不同的代谢和能量结果相关 2型DM患者。拟议的研究是一项前瞻性工作 2型糖尿病AA和CA患者干预方案。研究人群 将由75名AA和75名CA 2型DM受试者组成。的时限 研究参与期为26周。在研究第1天，每例受试者将接受 筛选实验室数据，使用D-3 3 H评估葡萄糖转换率 葡萄糖输注和伴随的OGTT和间接量热法。在研究第2天， 每名受试者将进行双能X线吸收测定法（DEXA）扫描， 磁共振成像（MRI）扫描，用于评估身体成分， 体脂分布研究第3天，胰岛素敏感性、血糖 有效性和β细胞功能将使用Bergman最小 模型方法。然后，受试者将被随机分配至开始 8周的有氧或阻力训练，交叉到另一个 再进行8周的运动训练。每种代谢和 人体测量研究将进行四次;在进入研究时， 在完成每个锻炼计划后，以及在 运动干预。这项研究将提供深入了解代谢 与AA中2型DM相关的异常和运动的重要性 AA和CA的干预。我们相信这项研究的结果可以 是为2型AA患者制定有效运动方式的基础 糖尿病的

DESCRIPTION (adapted from the application) African Americans (AA) have a 2-3 fold higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), greater disease-associated morbidity and mortality and earlier age of onset than Caucasian Americans (CA). The etiology for these differences is unclear but has been related to insulin resistance and an increased prevalence of obesity. Thus, investigations into racial differences in metabolic and energy aspects of type 2 DM in AA will provide important data on the increased prevalence of both obesity and type 2 DM in the AA population when compared to CA. The aims of the study include: 1) To examine racial differences in substrate utilization, energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, glucose effectiveness and beta cell function before and after chronic exercise in AA and CA subjects with type 2 DM, 2) To determine the effects of chronic exercise on the resting metabolic rate (RMR), postprandial thermogenesis and substrate oxidation in CA and AA subjects with type 2 DM, 3) To compare the effects of resistance vs. aerobic training on substrate oxidation and energy expenditure and 4) to determine whether the sequential pattern of exercise is associated with different metabolic and energy consequences in CA and AA subjects with type 2 DM. The proposed Study is a prospective exercise intervention program in AA and CA subjects with type 2 DM. The study population will consist of 75 AA and 75 CA subjects with type 2 DM. The time frame for study participation will be 26 weeks. On study day 1, each subject will undergo screening laboratory data, assessment of glucose turnover rates with D-3 3H glucose infusion and concomitant OGTT and indirect calorimetry. On study day 2, each subject will have a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan for assessment of body composition and body fat distribution. On study day 3, insulin sensitivity, glucose effectiveness and beta-cell function will be assessed using the Bergman Minimal Model Methodology. The subjects will then be randomly allocated to begin either 8 weeks of aerobic or resistance training with a crossover to the other exercise training program for an additional 8 weeks. Each metabolic and anthropometric study will be performed four times; upon entry to the study, after completion of each of the exercise programs, and 8 weeks after the exercise intervention. This study will provide insights into metabolic abnormalities associated with type 2 DM in AA and the importance of exercise intervention in AA and CA. We believe the findings of tile present Study could be the basis of prescribing an effective exercise modality in AA with type 2 diabetes mellitus.