Exercise and energy/substrate use in blacks with NIDDM

说明(改编自应用程序) 非裔美国人(AA)的2型糖尿病患病率高出2-3倍 糖尿病(DM)、更高的疾病相关发病率和死亡率以及更早 发病年龄高于高加索美国人(CA)。造成这些差异的原因 尚不清楚，但与胰岛素抵抗和 肥胖症的流行。因此，对#年种族差异的调查 再生障碍性贫血的2型糖尿病的代谢和能量方面将提供重要的数据 再生障碍性贫血人群中肥胖和2型糖尿病患病率的增加 与CA相比。这项研究的目的包括：1)审查种族 底物利用率、能量消耗、胰岛素敏感性、 慢性运动前后血糖效率和胰岛β细胞功能 在AA和CA合并2型糖尿病的受试者中，2)确定慢性 锻炼静息代谢率(RMR)、餐后产热和 CA和AA合并2型糖尿病患者的底物氧化，3)比较 耐力训练与有氧训练对底物氧化和能量的影响 支出和4)确定锻炼的顺序模式是否 与CA和AA中不同的代谢和能量后果相关 2型糖尿病受试者。拟议的研究是一项前瞻性的工作。 2型糖尿病AA和CA患者的干预方案。研究人群 将由75名患有2型糖尿病的AA和75名CA受试者组成。的时间范围 参加学习的时间为26周。在学习的第一天，每个科目都将经历 筛选实验室数据，用D-3~3H评估葡萄糖周转率 葡萄糖输注和伴随的OGTT和间接量热法。在学习的第二天， 每个受试者都将接受双能X射线吸收法(DEXA)扫描和 磁共振成像(MRI)扫描评估身体成分和 体脂分布。在学习第3天，胰岛素敏感性，血糖 有效性和β细胞功能将使用伯格曼最低限度进行评估 模型方法论。然后，受试者将被随机分配以开始 8周的有氧或阻力训练，与另一组交叉 另外8周的运动训练计划。每种新陈代谢和 人体测量研究将进行四次；进入研究时， 在完成每个锻炼计划后，以及在锻炼后8周 运动干预。这项研究将提供对新陈代谢的洞察 再生障碍性贫血与2型糖尿病相关的异常及运动的重要性 AA和CA的干预。我们相信，目前的研究结果可以 是为2型再生障碍性贫血患者开出有效运动方式的基础 糖尿病。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from the application) African Americans (AA) have a 2-3 fold higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), greater disease-associated morbidity and mortality and earlier age of onset than Caucasian Americans (CA). The etiology for these differences is unclear but has been related to insulin resistance and an increased prevalence of obesity. Thus, investigations into racial differences in metabolic and energy aspects of type 2 DM in AA will provide important data on the increased prevalence of both obesity and type 2 DM in the AA population when compared to CA. The aims of the study include: 1) To examine racial differences in substrate utilization, energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, glucose effectiveness and beta cell function before and after chronic exercise in AA and CA subjects with type 2 DM, 2) To determine the effects of chronic exercise on the resting metabolic rate (RMR), postprandial thermogenesis and substrate oxidation in CA and AA subjects with type 2 DM, 3) To compare the effects of resistance vs. aerobic training on substrate oxidation and energy expenditure and 4) to determine whether the sequential pattern of exercise is associated with different metabolic and energy consequences in CA and AA subjects with type 2 DM. The proposed Study is a prospective exercise intervention program in AA and CA subjects with type 2 DM. The study population will consist of 75 AA and 75 CA subjects with type 2 DM. The time frame for study participation will be 26 weeks. On study day 1, each subject will undergo screening laboratory data, assessment of glucose turnover rates with D-3 3H glucose infusion and concomitant OGTT and indirect calorimetry. On study day 2, each subject will have a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan for assessment of body composition and body fat distribution. On study day 3, insulin sensitivity, glucose effectiveness and beta-cell function will be assessed using the Bergman Minimal Model Methodology. The subjects will then be randomly allocated to begin either 8 weeks of aerobic or resistance training with a crossover to the other exercise training program for an additional 8 weeks. Each metabolic and anthropometric study will be performed four times; upon entry to the study, after completion of each of the exercise programs, and 8 weeks after the exercise intervention. This study will provide insights into metabolic abnormalities associated with type 2 DM in AA and the importance of exercise intervention in AA and CA. We believe the findings of tile present Study could be the basis of prescribing an effective exercise modality in AA with type 2 diabetes mellitus.