COGNITIVE AND EMOTIONAL MATURITY IN ADULTHOOD AND AGING

成年期和衰老期的认知和情感成熟度

• 批准号: 6371753
• 负责人: GISELA LABOUVIE-VIEF
• 金额: $ 37.14万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-07-01 至 2003-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6371753
• 关键词: African American; Alaskan Native American; Asians; Hispanic Americans; Native Americans; adult human (21+); age difference; aging; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition; coping; developmental psychology; emotional adjustment; gender difference; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; mental health epidemiology; outcomes research; psychological aspect of aging; psychological defense mechanism; psychological models; quality of life; questionnaires; racial /ethnic difference; socioenvironment

DESCRIPTION (adapted from investigator's abstract): This sequential-longitudinal investigation extends an examination of patterns of cognitive-emotional development across the life span. Research conducted thus far during the initial project period has provided evidence for two psychological components of adult socioemotional development: reflective cognition and maturation of coping. Each is associated with somewhat different predictors/mechanisms: reflective cognition reflects the effects of education and acculturation, while maturity of coping/defense mechanisms reflects a secure relationship history. However the extent to which older individuals performance reflects age or cohort, and the extent to which they reflect flexible affect modulation versus inflexible affect inhibition, remains to be demonstrated. To examine these questions, a longitudinal sample of 330 individuals will be recontracted year 2 of the project. The resulting estimated 300 participants will be distributed over seven age groups from 15 to 93 years, with nearly equal numbers of males and females in each age group. Individuals will respond to cognitive and, socioemotional context and outcome measures. In addition, a subsample (N=150) of the original sample will be selected for an in-depth interview during which measures of physiological reactivity and facial expression of emotion will be interfaced with self-assessments (self-reports) of emotional reactivity. Finally, a new subsample of 154 African-Americans will be matched in age, gender and education to this longitudinal subsample. Analyses will examine the following issues: (a) if age gradients reported so far generalize across time; (b) if changes in reflective cognition and maturity are related to different predictor variables; (c) the degree to which study variables are related to survival; and (d) if the structural models so far established generalizes across time and cultural group; (e) age related differences in affect expression and affect repression/inhibition and (f) if affect repression/inhibition is involved in maintaining a sense of well-being and apparently good coping especially in older individuals.

描述(改编自调查员摘要)：这 顺序-纵向调查扩展了对 认知-情绪在整个生命周期中的发展。进行的研究 到目前为止，在最初的项目期间已经提供了两个证据 成人社会情绪发展的心理成分：反思性 应对的认知与成熟。每一个都有一些关联 不同的预测因素/机制：反思认知反映效果 教育和文化适应，同时应对/防御机制成熟 反映了一段安全的关系历史。然而，老年人在多大程度上 个人表现反映了年龄或队列，以及他们在多大程度上 反映灵活的情感调节与僵化的情感抑制， 还有待于证明。 为了检验这些问题，330人的纵向样本将是 重新签订了项目第二年的合同。由此产生的估计为300 参与者将被分成7个年龄组，年龄从15岁到93岁不等， 每个年龄段的男性和女性数量几乎相等。 个人会对认知和社会情感环境做出反应 结果衡量标准。此外，原始样本的子样本(N=150) 将被选中进行深入采访，在此期间，衡量 生理反应和面部表情的情感将结合在一起 有情绪反应的自我评估(自我报告)。最后，一个 154名非洲裔美国人的新样本将在年龄、性别和 教育到这个纵向的子样本。 分析将审查以下问题：(A)是否报告了年龄梯度 (B)如果反思性认知和 成熟度与不同的预测变量有关；(C) 哪些研究变量与生存有关；以及(D)如果结构性变量 迄今建立的模式概括了不同时间和文化群体；(E) 情感表达和情感的年龄差异 抑制/抑制和(F)如果涉及影响抑制/抑制 保持良好的幸福感和良好的应对能力，特别是在 年纪较大的个体。