COGNITIVE AND EMOTIONAL MATURITY IN ADULTHOOD AND AGING

成年期和衰老期的认知和情感成熟度

• 批准号: 6752639
• 负责人: GISELA LABOUVIE-VIEF
• 金额: $ 8.44万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-07-01 至 2004-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6752639
• 关键词: African American; Alaskan Native American; Asians; Hispanic Americans; Native Americans; adult human (21+); age difference; aging; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition; coping; developmental psychology; emotional adjustment; gender difference; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; mental health epidemiology; outcomes research; psychological aspect of aging; psychological defense mechanism; psychological models; quality of life; questionnaires; racial /ethnic difference; socioenvironment

DESCRIPTION (adapted from investigator's abstract): This sequential-longitudinal investigation extends an examination of patterns of cognitive-emotional development across the life span. Research conducted thus far during the initial project period has provided evidence for two psychological components of adult socioemotional development: reflective cognition and maturation of coping. Each is associated with somewhat different predictors/mechanisms: reflective cognition reflects the effects of education and acculturation, while maturity of coping/defense mechanisms reflects a secure relationship history. However the extent to which older individuals performance reflects age or cohort, and the extent to which they reflect flexible affect modulation versus inflexible affect inhibition, remains to be demonstrated. To examine these questions, a longitudinal sample of 330 individuals will be recontracted year 2 of the project. The resulting estimated 300 participants will be distributed over seven age groups from 15 to 93 years, with nearly equal numbers of males and females in each age group. Individuals will respond to cognitive and, socioemotional context and outcome measures. In addition, a subsample (N=150) of the original sample will be selected for an in-depth interview during which measures of physiological reactivity and facial expression of emotion will be interfaced with self-assessments (self-reports) of emotional reactivity. Finally, a new subsample of 154 African-Americans will be matched in age, gender and education to this longitudinal subsample. Analyses will examine the following issues: (a) if age gradients reported so far generalize across time; (b) if changes in reflective cognition and maturity are related to different predictor variables; (c) the degree to which study variables are related to survival; and (d) if the structural models so far established generalizes across time and cultural group; (e) age related differences in affect expression and affect repression/inhibition and (f) if affect repression/inhibition is involved in maintaining a sense of well-being and apparently good coping especially in older individuals.

描述（改编自研究者摘要）：本 连续纵向调查扩展了对 认知-情感的发展。 进行的研究 到目前为止，在项目初期，已经提供了两个证据， 成人社会情绪发展的心理成分：反思 认知和应对的成熟。 每一个都与某种 不同的预测因子/机制：反思性认知反映了 教育和文化适应，而应对/防御机制的成熟 反映了一段安全的恋爱史 然而，老年人在多大程度上 个人的表现反映了年龄或群体，以及他们在多大程度上 反映了灵活的情感调节与僵硬的情感抑制， 还有待证明。 为了研究这些问题，将对330名个人进行纵向抽样， 项目第二年重新签约。 结果估计300 参加者将分为七个年龄组，从15岁到93岁， 每个年龄组的男性和女性人数几乎相等。 个人会对认知和社会情感环境做出反应， 结果测量。 此外，原始样本的子样本（N=150） 将被选中进行深入采访，在此期间， 生理反应和情绪的面部表情 情绪反应的自我评估（自我报告）。 最后 新的154名非洲裔美国人的子样本将在年龄，性别和 这一纵向子样本的教育。 分析将审查以下问题：（a）如果报告了年龄梯度， 到目前为止，概括了整个时间;（B）如果反思性认知的变化， 成熟度与不同的预测变量;（c）程度， 哪些研究变量与生存有关;以及（d）如果结构性 迄今为止建立的模型普遍适用于不同的时间和文化群体;（e） 情感表达和情感的年龄相关差异 （f）如果影响阻遏/抑制涉及 保持一种幸福感和显然良好的应对方式，特别是在 老年人。